Respiration system
Respiration system for non-invasive positive-pressure respiration, with a pressure source providing respiratory gas, with a control and evaluation unit connected to sensors detecting a leakage volume, spontaneous respiration frequency, tidal volume and the inspiration time. The control and evaluation unit I) checks the leakage volume and reduces the inspiratory pressure assistance proceeding to ii) or triggers an alarm and returns to I), ii) checks the frequency and triggers an alarm and returns to I) or reduces or increases the inspiratory pressure and returns to I) or proceeds to step iii), iii) checks the volume and reduces or increases the inspiratory pressure and returns to I) or leaves the pressure assistance unchanged proceeding to step iv), iv) adjusts the time period of the pressure assistance, depending on the inspiration time, the time period being left unchanged if the inspiration time lies in the predefined inspiration time interval, and returns to I).
1. A respiration system for non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation, the respiration system comprising:
a pressure source for providing respiratory gas with controllable pressure;
sensors to determine a leakage volume, a spontaneous respiration rate, a tidal volume and an inspiration time;
a control and analyzing unit configured to control the pressure source connected with the sensors, wherein the control and analyzing unit is configured to automatically perform the following measurements and settings in the sequence indicated:
i) to check the leakage volume (MV_LEAK) to determine whether the leakage volume is above a preset limit value, and to reduce an inspiratory pressure assistance if the leakage volume (MV_LEAK) is above a preset limit value and if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is within a preset spontaneous respiration rate range and the tidal volume (VT) is within a preset tidal volume range, and to trigger an alarm if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is outside the preset spontaneous respiration rate range or if the tidal volume (VT) is outside the preset tidal volume range and to return to a starting point, and to proceed to step ii) only if the leakage volume is below the preset limit value;
ii) to trigger the alarm and to return to step i) if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is above a preset maximum or below a preset minimum, and to compare the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) with the preset spontaneous respiration rate range, which is within the range between the preset maximum and the preset minimum, and to reduce the inspiratory pressure assistance if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is above the preset spontaneous respiration rate range, and to increase the inspiratory pressure assistance if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is below the preset range and to return to step i) after the increase or the reduction of the inspiratory pressure assistance, and to leave the inspiratory pressure assistance unchanged and to proceed to step iii) if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is within the preset spontaneous respiration rate range;
iii) to check the tidal volume (VT) to determine whether the tidal volume is within the preset tidal volume range, and to reduce the inspiratory pressure assistance if the tidal volume is above the preset tidal volume range, and to increase the inspiratory pressure assistance if the tidal volume (VT) is below the preset tidal volume range and to return to step i) after the reduction or the increase, and to leave the inspiratory pressure assistance unchanged and to proceed to step iv) if the tidal volume (VT) is in the preset tidal volume range, and
iv) to set a time period during which the inspiratory pressure assistance is carried out as a function of the patient's inspiration time by increasing the time period of the inspiratory pressure assistance if the inspiration time (TI_SPON) is below a preset inspiration time range, and reducing the time period of the inspiratory pressure assistance if the inspiration time (TI_SPON) is above the preset inspiration time range, while the time period of the inspiratory pressure assistance is left unchanged if the inspiration time is within the preset inspiration time range, and the process is returned to step i).
2. A non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation method comprising the steps of:
providing respiration system comprising:
a pressure source for providing respiratory gas with controllable pressure;
sensors to determine a leakage volume, a spontaneous respiration rate, a tidal volume and an inspiration time;
a control and analyzing unit configured to control the pressure source connected with the sensors, wherein the control and analyzing unit is configured to automatically perform the following measurements and settings in the sequence indicated:
i) to check the leakage volume (MV_LEAK) to determine whether the leakage volume (MV_LEAK) is above a preset limit value, and to reduce the inspiratory pressure assistance if the leakage volume is above the preset limit value and if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is within a preset spontaneous respiration rate range and the tidal volume (VT) is within a preset tidal volume range, and to trigger an alarm if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is outside the preset spontaneous respiration rate range or if the tidal volume (VT) is outside the preset tidal volume range and to return to a starting point, and to proceed to step ii) only if the leakage volume is below the preset limit value;
ii) to trigger the alarm and to return to step i) if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is above a preset maximum or below a preset minimum, and to compare the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) with the preset spontaneous respiration rate range, which is within the range between the preset maximum and the preset minimum, and to reduce the inspiratory pressure assistance if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is above the preset spontaneous respiration rate range, and to increase the inspiratory pressure assistance if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is below the preset range and to return to step i) after the increase or the reduction of the inspiratory pressure assistance, and to leave the inspiratory pressure assistance unchanged and to proceed to step iii) if the spontaneous respiration rate (F_SPON) is within the preset spontaneous respiration rate range;
iii) to check the tidal volume (VT) to determine whether the tidal volume is within the preset tidal volume range, and to reduce the inspiratory pressure assistance if the tidal volume is above the preset tidal volume range, and to increase the inspiratory pressure assistance if the tidal volume (VT) is below the preset tidal volume range and to return to step i) after the reduction or the increase, and to leave the inspiratory pressure assistance unchanged and to proceed to step iv) if the tidal volume (VT) is in the preset tidal volume range, and
iv) to set a time period during which the inspiratory pressure assistance is carried out as a function of the patient's inspiration time by increasing the time period of the inspiratory pressure assistance if the inspiration time (TI_SPON) is below a preset inspiration time range, and reducing the time period of the inspiratory pressure assistance if the inspiration time (TI_SPON) is above the preset inspiration time range, while the time period of the inspiratory pressure assistance is left unchanged if the inspiration time is within the preset inspiration time range, and the process is returned to step i).