Method of production of 2,4-dihydroxybutyric acid
A method for the preparation of 2,4-dihydroxybutyric acid (2,4-DHB) including the successive steps of converting malate, succinyl-CoA and/or glyoxylate into malyl-CoA, converting malyl-CoA previously obtained into malate-4-semialdehyde, and converting malate-4-semialdehyde into 2,4-DHB using a DHB dehydrogenase.
1. A method for the preparation of 2,4-dihydroxybutyric acid (2,4-DHB), comprising the successive steps of:
a) a first step of converting malate, succinyl-CoA, and/or glyoxylate into malyl-CoA by contacting the malate, the succinyl-CoA, and/or the glyoxylate with a malyl-CoA synthetase, succinyl-CoA: (L)-malate-CoA transferase, and/or malyl-CoA lyase,
b) a second step of converting malyl-CoA previously obtained into malate-4-semialdehyde by contacting the malyl-CoA with a malyl-CoA reductase, and
c) a third step of converting malate-4-semialdehyde into 2,4-DHB by contacting the malate-4-semialdehyde with a DHB dehydrogenase.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the malyl-CoA lyase has the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or any variant or fragment thereof having malyl-CoA lyase activity and the succinyl-CoA: (L)-malate-CoA transferase has the amino acid sequence set forth in at least one of SEQ ID NO: 191 and SEQ ID NO: 193 or any variant or fragment thereof having succinyl-CoA: (L)-malate-CoA transferase activity.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the malyl-CoA lyase is encoded by the nucleic acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 2 or any variant or fragment thereof which results in a functionally active malyl-CoA lyase, and the succinyl-CoA: (L)-malate-CoA transferase is encoded by at least one of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 194 and SEQ ID NO: 192 or any variant or fragment thereof, which results in a functionally active succinyl-CoA: (L)-malate-CoA transferase.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the malyl-CoA reductase is selected from the group consisting of: a malonyl-CoA reductase, a succinyl-CoA reductase,3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, cinnamoyl-CoA reductase, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, and any variant thereof having malonyl-CoA reductase activity, succinyl-CoA reductase activity, HMG-CoA reductase activity, cinnamoyl-CoA reductase activity, or acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the malyl-CoA reductase has the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 10, or SEQ ID NO: 189, or any variant or fragment thereof having malyl-CoA reductase activity.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the malyl-CoA reductase is encoded by any one of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 11, or SEQ ID NO: 190, or any variant or fragment thereof, which results in a functionally active malyl-CoA reductase.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the malyl-CoA reductase comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7 with at least one mutation in at least one of the positions P111, L152, T154, L202, G203, D204, Y206, D207, K209, T210, T238, T239, D295, and R318,
the amino acid in said positions is replaced by any one of alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, or valine, and
the mutated malyl-CoA reductase has malyl-CoA reductase activity.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the malyl-CoA reductase comprises the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 202 or is encoded by the nucleic acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 201.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the DHB dehydrogenase is a methylbutyraldehyde reductase, a succinic semialdehyde reductase, a 4-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, or an alcohol dehydrogenase.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the DHB dehydrogenase comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 14, SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 34, SEQ ID NO: 36, SEQ ID NO: 187, or SEQ ID NO: 185, or any variant thereof having DHB dehydrogenase activity.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the DHB dehydrogenase is encoded by any one of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 17, SEQ ID NO: 33, SEQ ID NO: 35, SEQ ID NO: 37, SEQ ID NO: 188, SEQ ID NO: 186, or any variant or fragment thereof, which results in a functionally active DHB dehydrogenase.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein, steps a), b) and c) are performed by a modified microorganism heterologously expressing at least one of malyl-CoA synthetase, succinyl-CoA: (L)-malate-CoA transferase, malyl-CoA lyase, malyl-CoA reductase, and DHB dehydrogenase.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein steps a), b) and c) are performed within the same microorganism.