Power generation device
A device able to generate electrical power through relative rotational motion of first ( 370, 380 ) and second ( 200, 230 ) principal components around an axis of rotation ( 220 ); wherein: the first and second principal components comprise an arrangement of piezoelectric elements ( 380 ) and permanent magnets ( 230, 370 ) such that the interaction between these magnets and piezoelectric elements, in use, makes it possible to generate electricity; and wherein: the second principal component ( 200, 230 ) comprises a center of mass offset from the axis of relative rotation ( 220 ) such that the response of the second principal component ( 200, 230 ) to either gravitational or inertial forces is a relative rotation of the second principal component ( 200, 230 ) in relation to the first principal component ( 370, 380 ); the first principal component ( 370, 380 ) being fixedly attached to the moving host structure ( 100 ).
1. A device for generating electricity by acceleration of and/or changes in orientation of the device, the device comprising first and second principle components, wherein:
the first principle component is mounted relative to a housing for resilient deformation and to generate electricity when so deformed;
the second principle component is rotationally mounted relative to the housing for rotation relative to the housing and the first component, the center of mass of the second component being offset from its axis of rotation;
the first component extends through the axis of rotation of the second component;
the first component and/or the second component comprises one or more magnets;
the or each magnet is arranged such that during at least part of the rotational path of the second component, at least one magnet on one of the first and second component interacts with the other of the first and second component, or a magnet thereon, to deform the first component and thereby generate electricity.
2. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the first component is mounted as a cantilever with one end substantially fixedly mounted relative to the housing.
3. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the deformation is bending.
4. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the first component comprises a substrate of a resiliently deformable material.
5. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the first component comprises electricity-generating material that generates electricity when it is subject to the deformation.
6. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more magnets comprise a series of magnets.
7. A device according to claim 1 , wherein both the first and second components comprise at least one respective magnet, the magnet on each component interacting with that on the respective other component along at least part of the rotational path of the second component to deform the first component.
8. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the first component is arranged, upon receiving an initial displacement, to vibrate at the natural frequency of the electricity-generating material.
9. A device according to claim 1 , further comprising an electrical circuit operable to regulate electricity generated by the device.
10. A device according to claim 9 , wherein the electrical circuit operable to regulate electricity is arranged to carry out one, more or all of the following or any combination thereof:
rectification from AC electricity to DC electricity;
converting electricity at a varying voltage to electricity at a more constant voltage;
storing energy generated by the device;
limiting the current supplied to a load so as to prevent damage to the generator or load or for some other purpose; and
supplying power to an attached load.
11. A device according to claim 10 , wherein the attached load is a wireless sensor.
12. A device according to claim 1 , wherein the first principal component is attached internally or externally to a car tire or a human or animal body or to any other source of motion.
13. A device according to claim 5 , wherein the electricity-generating material comprises a piezoelectric material.