System and method for master-slave data transmission based on a flexible serial bus for use in hearing devices
A data transmission system for use in hearing devices includes a master unit with a first local bit clock and a slave unit with a second local bit clock. The master unit and the slave unit are connected to each other via a bus line, and are configured to communicate over the bus line according to a communication protocol based on a frame-wise serial transmission of bits. Each frame includes a clock reference, a master signalling interval, a slave signalling interval and a data payload. The slave unit further includes a clock recovery device for synchronizing the second local bit clock with the first local bit clock based on the clock reference transmitted once per frame by the master unit. A corresponding method for data transmission is also provided. Moreover, hearing devices including such a data transmission system as well as uses of such a method for data transmission are proposed.
1. A data transmission system for use in hearing devices, the data transmission system comprising a master unit ( 1 ) with a first local bit clock ( 4 ) and a slave unit ( 2 ) with a second local bit clock ( 4 ′), the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) being connected to each other via a bus line ( 3 ), and being configured to communicate over the bus line ( 3 ) according to a communication protocol based on a frame-wise serial transmission of bits, each frame ( 10 ) comprising a clock reference ( 11 ), a master signalling interval ( 12 ), a slave signalling interval ( 13 ) and a data payload ( 14 , 15 ), wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) further comprises clock recovery means ( 5 ) for synchronising the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) with the first local bit clock ( 4 ) based on the clock reference ( 11 ) transmitted once per frame ( 10 ) by the master unit ( 1 ),
wherein slave signalling bits are transmitted from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) during the slave signalling interval ( 13 ), the slave signalling bits comprising information pertaining to at least one of the following in respect of the frame ( 10 ) within which the slave signalling bits are transmitted:
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) is synchronised to the frame ( 10 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) does not intend to send a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) to the master unit ( 1 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) will send a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) to the master unit ( 1 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) is ready to receive a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) from the master unit ( 1 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) is not ready to receive a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) from master unit ( 1 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) will send interrupt vector data to the master unit ( 1 ).
2. The data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein the data payload ( 14 , 15 ) comprises at least one of the following:
control data ( 14 );
audio data ( 15 );
metadata ( 15 ).
3. The data transmission system of claim 2 , wherein the data are scrambled or whitened.
4. The data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) are further connected to each other via one or more further bus lines ( 3 ′), and are configured to transfer further data payloads ( 15 ′) comprising audio data and/or metadata over the one or more further bus lines ( 3 ′) using frame-wise serial transmission of bits.
5. The data transmission system of claim 4 , wherein the transfer of the further data payloads ( 15 ′) over the one or more further bus lines ( 3 ′) is configurable to be:
from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ), or
from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ), or
partly from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) and partly from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ),
dependent on information from the data payload ( 14 , 15 ) transferred over the bus line ( 3 ).
6. The data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein the master unit ( 1 ) further comprises drive means ( 6 ) for driving the bus line ( 3 ) such that edges of the clock reference ( 11 ) are steeper than edges of bit transitions within the master signalling interval ( 12 ), the slave signalling interval ( 13 ) and the data payload ( 14 , 15 ).
7. The data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein the slave signalling bits are dependent on the master signalling bits transmitted within only the same frame ( 10 ).
8. The data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein a first slave signalling bit provides an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) is synchronised to the frame ( 10 ).
9. The data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) is configured to send the first slave signalling bit immediately following reception of the clock reference ( 11 ).
10. The data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein the master unit ( 1 ) further comprises a bus keeper ( 7 ) and is configured to activate the bus keeper ( 7 ) at least immediately following transmission of the clock reference ( 11 ), preferably for no longer than a bit interval.
11. The data transmission system of claim 1 , further comprising a first reset unit ( 9 ), which is inserted between the master unit ( 1 ) and the bus line ( 3 ), and a second reset unit ( 9 ′), which is inserted between the slave unit ( 2 ) and the bus line ( 3 ), wherein the first reset unit ( 9 ) is configured to send a reset signal, such as a continuous stream of “1”s for a duration of at least a frame interval, and the second reset unit ( 9 ′) is configured to reset the slave unit upon detecting the reset signal.
12. A hearing device comprising the data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein the frequency of the first local bit clock ( 4 ) and/or the frequency of the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) is related to a sampling frequency of an audio signal from which audio data ( 15 ) is derived.
13. A hearing device comprising the data transmission system of claim 1 , wherein the master unit ( 1 ) is part of an integrated circuit of the hearing device and the slave unit ( 2 ) is part of a further integrated circuit of the hearing device or part of an accessory physically attached to the hearing device, in particular part of a “digital audio shoe”.
14. A data transmission system for use in hearing devices, the data transmission system comprising a master unit ( 1 ) with a first local bit clock ( 4 ) and a slave unit ( 2 ) with a second local bit clock ( 4 ′), the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) being connected to each other via a bus line ( 3 ), and being configured to communicate over the bus line ( 3 ) according to a communication protocol based on a frame-wise serial transmission of bits, each frame ( 10 ) comprising a clock reference ( 11 ), a master signalling interval ( 12 ), a slave signalling interval ( 13 ) and a data payload ( 14 , 15 ), wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) further comprises clock recovery means ( 5 ) for synchronising the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) with the first local bit clock ( 4 ) based on the clock reference ( 11 ) transmitted once per frame ( 10 ) by the master unit ( 1 ),
wherein master signalling bits are transmitted from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) during the master signalling interval ( 12 ), the master signalling bits comprising information pertaining to at least one of the following in respect of the frame ( 10 ) within which the master signalling bits are transmitted:
a request of the master unit ( 1 ) to send a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) to the slave unit ( 2 );
an indication that the master unit ( 1 ) will not send a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) to the slave unit ( 2 );
an indication that the master unit ( 1 ) is ready to receive a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) from the slave unit ( 2 );
an indication that the master unit ( 1 ) is not ready to receive a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) from the slave unit ( 2 );
an indication that the master unit ( 1 ) will send interrupt vector data to the slave unit ( 2 ).
15. A data transmission system for use in hearing devices, the data transmission system comprising a master unit ( 1 ) with a first local bit clock ( 4 ) and a slave unit ( 2 ) with a second local bit clock ( 4 ′), the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) being connected to each other via a bus line ( 3 ), and being configured to communicate over the bus line ( 3 ) according to a communication protocol based on a frame-wise serial transmission of bits, each frame ( 10 ) comprising a clock reference ( 11 ), a master signalling interval ( 12 ), a slave signalling interval ( 13 ) and a data payload ( 14 , 15 ), wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) further comprises clock recovery means ( 5 ) for synchronising the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) with the first local bit clock ( 4 ) based on the clock reference ( 11 ) transmitted once per frame ( 10 ) by the master unit ( 1 ),
wherein at least part of the data payload ( 14 , 15 ) is dynamically assignable dependent on the information exchanged between the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) in the master signalling interval ( 12 ) and the slave signalling interval ( 13 ) and according to the following priority scheme:
interrupt vector data from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) with highest priority;
interrupt vector data from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) with second highest priority;
control data ( 14 ) and/or audio data ( 15 ) and/or metadata ( 15 ) from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) with third highest priority;
control data ( 14 ) and/or audio data ( 15 ) and/or metadata ( 15 ) from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) with fourth highest priority.
16. A data transmission system for use in hearing devices, the data transmission system comprising a master unit ( 1 ) with a first local bit clock ( 4 ) and a slave unit ( 2 ) with a second local bit clock ( 4 ′), the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) being connected to each other via a bus line ( 3 ), and being configured to communicate over the bus line ( 3 ) according to a communication protocol based on a frame-wise serial transmission of bits, each frame ( 10 ) comprising a clock reference ( 11 ), a master signalling interval ( 12 ), a slave signalling interval ( 13 ) and a data payload ( 14 , 15 ), wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) further comprises clock recovery means ( 5 ) for synchronising the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) with the first local bit clock ( 4 ) based on the clock reference ( 11 ) transmitted once per frame ( 10 ) by the master unit ( 1 ),
wherein the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) each further comprise a protocol state machine ( 8 , 8 ′), the protocol state machine ( 8 , 8 ′) being capable of supporting the following protocol states:
“initialise”/“sleep” state, wherein neither the master unit ( 1 ) nor the slave unit ( 2 ) drive the bus line ( 3 ) and the bus line ( 3 ) is maintained in a “pull-down” state;
“unsynchronised” state, wherein the master unit ( 1 ) sends frames ( 10 ) consisting of a continuous stream of identical bits and a clock reference ( 11 ) comprising at least one bit transition;
“frame synchronised” state, wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) transmits signalling bits to the master unit ( 1 ) during the slave signalling interval ( 13 ) indicating to the master unit ( 1 ) that the slave unit ( 2 ) is synchronised to the frame ( 10 ).
17. The data transmission system of claim 16 , wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) is configured to wake up the master unit ( 1 ) from the “sleep” state by sending a wake-up pulse pattern of configurable duration, such as a continuous stream of “1”s, for instance lasting longer than a wake-up detection period of the master unit ( 1 ).
18. A method for data transmission between a master unit ( 1 ) with a first local bit clock ( 4 ) and a slave unit ( 2 ) with a second local bit clock ( 4 ′) via a bus line ( 3 ) connecting the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) to each other, wherein bits are serially transmitted using a frame structure, the method comprising the steps of:
transmitting master signalling bits from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) during a master signalling interval ( 12 ) in each frame ( 10 );
transmitting a clock reference ( 11 ) from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) once per frame ( 10 );
synchronising the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) with the first local bit clock ( 4 ) based on the clock reference ( 11 );
transmitting slave signalling bits from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) during a slave signalling interval ( 12 ) in each frame ( 10 );
transmitting a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) either from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) or from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) in each frame ( 10 ); and
transmitting slave signalling bits from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) during the slave signalling interval ( 13 ), the slave signalling bits comprising information pertaining to at least one of the following in respect of the frame ( 10 ) within which the slave signalling bits are transmitted:
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) is synchronised to the frame ( 10 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) does not intend to send a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) to the master unit ( 1 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) will send a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) to the master unit ( 1 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) is ready to receive a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) from the master unit ( 2 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) is not ready to receive a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) from master unit ( 1 );
an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) will send interrupt vector data to the master unit ( 1 ).
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the data payload ( 14 , 15 ) comprises at least one of the following:
control data ( 14 );
audio data ( 15 );
metadata ( 15 ).
20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising the step of scrambling or whitening of data.
21. The method of claim 18 , wherein the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) are further connected to each other via one or more further bus lines ( 3 ′), the method further comprising the step of serially transmitting bits of further data payloads ( 15 ′) with audio data and/or metadata over the one or more further bus lines ( 3 ′) using frame-wise serial transmission of bits.
22. The method of claim 21 , wherein the transfer of the further data payloads ( 15 ′) over the one or more further bus lines ( 3 ′) is configured to be:
from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ), or
from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ), or
partly from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) and partly from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ),
dependent on information from the data payload ( 14 , 15 ) transferred over the bus line ( 3 ).
23. The method of claim 18 , wherein the master unit ( 1 ) drives the bus line ( 3 ) such that edges of the clock reference ( 11 ) are steeper than edges of bit transitions within the master signalling interval ( 12 ), the slave signalling interval ( 13 ) and the data payload ( 14 , 15 ).
24. The method of claim 18 , wherein the slave signalling bits are dependent on the master signalling bits transmitted within only the same frame ( 10 ).
25. The method of claim 18 , wherein a first slave signalling bit provides an indication that the slave unit ( 2 ) is synchronised to the frame ( 10 ).
26. The method of claim 18 , wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) sends the first slave signalling bit immediately following reception of the clock reference ( 11 ).
27. The method of claim 18 , wherein the master unit ( 1 ) activates a bus keeper ( 7 ) at least immediately following transmission of the clock reference ( 11 ), preferably for no longer than a bit interval.
28. The method of claim 18 , further comprising the step of the master unit ( 1 ) sending a continuous stream of “1”s for a duration of at least a frame interval and the slave unit ( 2 ) is reset thereupon.
29. A use of the method of claim 18 in a hearing device, wherein the frequency of the first local bit clock ( 4 ) and/or the frequency of the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) is related to a sampling frequency of an audio signal from which audio data ( 15 ) is derived.
30. A use of the method of claim 18 to transfer data between the master unit ( 1 ) which is part of an integrated circuit of a hearing device and the slave unit ( 2 ) which is part of an accessory physically attached to the hearing device, in particular part of a “digital audio shoe”.
31. A method for data transmission between a master unit ( 1 ) with a first local bit clock ( 4 ) and a slave unit ( 2 ) with a second local bit clock ( 4 ′) via a bus line ( 3 ) connecting the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) to each other, wherein bits are serially transmitted using a frame structure, the method comprising the steps of:
transmitting master signalling bits from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) during a master signalling interval ( 12 ) in each frame ( 10 );
transmitting a clock reference ( 11 ) from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) once per frame ( 10 );
synchronising the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) with the first local bit clock ( 4 ) based on the clock reference ( 11 );
transmitting slave signalling bits from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) during a slave signalling interval ( 12 ) in each frame ( 10 );
transmitting a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) either from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) or from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) in each frame ( 10 ); and
transmitting master signalling bits from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) during the master signalling interval ( 12 ), the master signalling bits comprising information pertaining to at least one of the following in respect of the frame ( 10 ) within which the master signalling bits are transmitted:
a request of the master unit ( 1 ) to send a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) to the slave unit ( 2 );
an indication that the master unit ( 1 ) will not send a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) to the slave unit ( 2 );
an indication that the master unit ( 1 ) is ready to receive a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) from the slave unit ( 2 );
an indication that the master unit ( 1 ) is not ready to receive a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) from the slave unit ( 2 );
an indication that the master unit ( 1 ) will send interrupt vector data to the slave unit ( 2 ).
32. A method for data transmission between a master unit ( 1 ) with a first local bit clock ( 4 ) and a slave unit ( 2 ) with a second local bit clock ( 4 ′) via a bus line ( 3 ) connecting the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) to each other, wherein bits are serially transmitted using a frame structure, the method comprising the steps of:
transmitting master signalling bits from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) during a master signalling interval ( 12 ) in each frame ( 10 );
transmitting a clock reference ( 11 ) from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) once per frame ( 10 );
synchronising the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) with the first local bit clock ( 4 ) based on the clock reference ( 11 );
transmitting slave signalling bits from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) during a slave signalling interval ( 12 ) in each frame ( 10 );
transmitting a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) either from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) or from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) in each frame ( 10 ); and
dynamically assigning at least part of the data payload ( 14 , 15 ) dependent on the information exchanged between the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) during the master signalling interval ( 12 ) and the slave signalling interval ( 13 ) and according to the following priority scheme:
interrupt vector data from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) with highest priority;
interrupt vector data from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) with second highest priority;
control data ( 14 ) and/or audio data ( 15 ) and/or metadata ( 15 ) from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) with third highest priority;
control data ( 14 ) and/or audio data ( 15 ) and/or metadata ( 15 ) from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) with fourth highest priority.
33. A method for data transmission between a master unit ( 1 ) with a first local bit clock ( 4 ) and a slave unit ( 2 ) with a second local bit clock ( 4 ′) via a bus line ( 3 ) connecting the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) to each other, wherein bits are serially transmitted using a frame structure, the method comprising the steps of:
transmitting master signalling bits from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) during a master signalling interval ( 12 ) in each frame ( 10 );
transmitting a clock reference ( 11 ) from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) once per frame ( 10 );
synchronising the second local bit clock ( 4 ′) with the first local bit clock ( 4 ) based on the clock reference ( 11 );
transmitting slave signalling bits from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) during a slave signalling interval ( 12 ) in each frame ( 10 );
transmitting a data payload ( 14 , 15 ) either from the master unit ( 1 ) to the slave unit ( 2 ) or from the slave unit ( 2 ) to the master unit ( 1 ) in each frame ( 10 ),
wherein the master unit ( 1 ) and the slave unit ( 2 ) can each be in one of the following states:
“initialise”/“sleep” state, wherein neither the master unit ( 1 ) nor the slave unit ( 2 ) drive the bus line ( 3 ) and the bus line ( 3 ) is maintained in a “pull-down” state;
“unsynchronised” state, wherein the master unit ( 1 ) sends frames ( 10 ) consisting of a continuous stream of identical bits and a clock reference ( 11 ) comprising at least one bit transition;
“frame synchronised” state, wherein the slave unit ( 2 ) transmits signalling bits to the master unit ( 1 ) during the slave signalling interval ( 13 ) indicating to the master unit ( 1 ) that the slave unit ( 2 ) is synchronised to the frame ( 10 ).
34. The method of claim 33 , further comprising the step of the slave unit ( 2 ) waking up the master unit ( 1 ) from the “sleep” state by sending a wake-up pulse pattern of configurable duration, such as a continuous stream of “1”s, for instance lasting longer than a wake-up detection period of the master unit ( 1 ).