Ceramic compositions comprising alumina
A composition suitable for firing to obtain a ceramic material therefrom may include from about 1 to about 40 wt. % based on the total dry weight of the composition a first particulate material having a Mohs hardness of at least about 8.5 and a d 50 of from about 7 μm to about 500 μm. The composition may include at least about 50 wt. % based on the total dry weight of the composition a second particulate material comprising alumina. The composition may include from 0 to about 10 wt. % based on the total dry weight of the composition a sintering aid. A green body or ceramic material may be formed from the composition. Ballistic armor may be formed from the composition or may include the ceramic material.
1. A composition suitable for firing to form a ceramic material therefrom, said composition comprising:
from about 1 to about 40 wt. % based on the total dry weight of the composition of a first particulate material having a Mohs hardness of at least about 8.5 and a d 50 of from about 7 μm to about 500 μm, said first particulate material being fused corundum;
at least about 50 wt. % based on the total dry weight of the composition of a second particulate material, said second material being calcined alumina other than fused corundum; and
from 0 to about 10 wt. % based on the total dry weight of the composition of a sintering aid.
2. The composition according to claim 1 , further comprising:
zirconia, silicon carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron nitride, diamond, or combinations thereof.
3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the second particulate material has a d 50 of from about 1 to about 20 μm.
4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the second particulate material has a d 50 of from about 2 to about 10 μm.
5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the first particulate material has a d 50 of 250 μm or less.
6. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the first particulate material has an angular and/or pointed grain shape, and having a bulk density of from about 1.35 g/cm 3 to about 1.60 g/cm 3 .
7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the first particulate material is fused corundum having an Al 2 O 3 content of at least about 99%, a Fe 2 O 3 content of less than about 0.05%, and a Na 2 O content of less than about 0.20%.
8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the second particulate material has an Al 2 O 3 content greater than 99% with a Fe 2 O 3 content of less than about 0.015, and a Na 2 O content of less than about 0.4%.
9. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the sintering aid is selected from an alkaline metal oxide or alkali earth metal oxide or a mixture thereof.
10. A method of making ceramic material, the method comprising:
combining raw materials to form a composition, the raw materials comprising at least about 50 wt. % based on the total dry weight of the composition calcined alumina particulate, from about 1 to 40 wt. % based on the total dry weight of the composition of fused corundum having a Mohs hardness of at least about 8.5 and a d 50 of from about 7 to about 500 μm and at least one sintering aid to form a mixture thereof;
forming a green body from the mixture; and
firing the green body to form a ceramic material.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein in (i) combining comprises milling and mixing the calcined alumina particulate, the fused corundum and having a Mohs hardness of at least about 8.5 and a d 50 of from about 7 to about 500 μm, and the at least one sintering aid to form a homogenous mixture.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the calcined alumina particulate is milled for a period of time before the fused corundum and having a Mohs hardness of at least about 8.5 and a d 50 of from about 7 to about 500 μm is added, following which further milling is carried out to homogenize the mixture.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein the raw materials comprise fused corundum having a d 50 ranging from about 7 μm to about 250 μm (Grit No. of from 800 to 60).