Decreased switching current in spin-transfer torque memory
View Patent ↗Switching current in Spin-Transfer Torque Memory (STTM) can be decreased. A magnetic memory cell is driven with a first pulse on a write line of the memory cell to heat the cell. The cell is then driven with a second pulse on the write line to set the state of the cell.
1. A method comprising:
driving a magnetic memory cell with a heat pulse having a first voltage on a write line of the memory cell to heat the cell;
driving the cell with a program pulse having a second voltage less than the first voltage on the write line to set the state of the cell, wherein the program pulse is configured to allow the cell to cool to a stable state.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second pulse is sloped downward from an initial high voltage to zero voltage.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat pulse carries more energy than the program pulse.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat pulse has a higher voltage than the program pulse.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat pulse adjoins the program pulse.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat pulse has a polarity that is independent of the state to which the cell will be set.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat pulse is configured to heat the cell to a state that frees the state of a free layer of the magnetic memory cell.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the program pulse allows the memory cell to cool while driving the cell to an intended state.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat pulse is separated from the program pulse by a time interval.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the time interval allows the memory cell to cool before the write pulse.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the program pulse has a trailing edge that is significantly longer than the heat pulse.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heat pulse and the program pulse are contiguous.
13. An apparatus comprising:
a memory cell having a magnetic pinned layer and a magnetic free layer;
electrodes coupled to the magnetic free layer to set a magnetic state of the free layer, the electrodes including a write line; and
thermal insulation side walls around the memory cell to slow cooling of the cell while a voltage is applied to the write line.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the thermal insulation sidewalls include an internal air gap.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 , further comprising thermal insulation to cover the electrodes.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the thermal insulation between the free layer and the electrodes comprises chalcogenide compounds.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the chalcogenide compounds comprise at least one of chalcogenide-based superlattice and chalcogenide-based multilayers of dissimilar materials.
18. The apparatus of claim 15 , further comprising thermal insulation to cover the electrodes wherein the thermal insulation of the electrodes and the free and pinned layers comprise chalcogenide compounds.
19. The apparatus of claim 13 , further comprising a write controller coupled to the electrodes to write to the memory cell by driving a write current to set a state of the magnetic free layer and wherein the write circuit further applies a heat pulse to the memory cell before writing to the memory cell.
20. An apparatus comprising:
a processor; and
a memory array having:
a plurality of memory cells coupled to the processor, each having a magnetic pinned layer and a magnetic free layer and electrodes coupled to the magnetic free layer to set a magnetic state of the free layer;
a read/write controller to drive write lines coupled to an electrode of a each of the plurality of memory cells with a heat pulse having a first voltage to heat the cell and with a program pulse having a second voltage lower than the first voltage to set the state of the cell; and
row and column selectors between the read write controller and the plurality of memory cells to control access to each memory cell by the read/write controller.