Methods for decolorizing compositions comprising betaines
The invention relates to a process for decolorizing a composition comprising a betaine comprising the steps of (a) providing a solution of the composition in an organic solvent, (b) contacting the solution with a decolorant, wherein the decolorant is a polar solid decolorant. The invention also relates to uses of ion exchange materials and decolorized solutions and compositions obtainable by the inventive process.
1. A process for decolorizing a composition comprising a betaine selected from L-carnitine and acylated L-carnitine comprising the steps
(a) providing a solution of the composition in a polar organic solvent,
(b) contacting and decoloring the solution with a decolorant, wherein the decolorant is a polar solid decolorant selected from an ion exchange material and/or an alkaline earth metal oxide.
2. The process of claim 1 , comprising a subsequent step
(c) maintaining the solution for a time period sufficient for decoloring the solution.
3. The process of claim 1 , comprising a subsequent step
(d) separating the solid decolorant from the solution.
4. The process of claim 3 , comprising a subsequent step
(e) removing the solvent from the solution to obtain the solid decolorized composition.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is an alcohol.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the betaine is a compound of formula R 1 R 2 R 3 N + —X—COO − , wherein
R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which are selected independently from each other, and
X is an alkandiyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which is linear or branched.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the betaine is L-carnitine.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition in step (a) comprises more than 95% (w/w) of the betaine, based on the total amount of all solid components.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solution in step (a) comprises 5 to 50% (w/w) of the composition.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein the ion exchange material is an ion exchange resin, a silicate or hydrotalcite, and/or wherein the alkaline earth metal oxide is magnesium oxide or calcium oxide.
11. The process of a claim 1 wherein the ion exchange resin is an anion exchange resin.
12. The process of claim 1 wherein the silicate is or comprises a mineral selected from bentonite, montmorillonite, talc, or is derived from such a mineral.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition in step (a) is a product of an organic synthesis reaction for producing the betaine.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the transparency of the betaine solution is increased at last by 10%, when compared to the transparency of the starting solution provided in step (a).
15. A decolorized solution or composition obtainable by a process of claim 1 .
16. The process of claim 2 , comprising a subsequent step
(d) separating the solid decolorant from the solution.
17. The process of claim 16 , comprising a subsequent step
(e) removing the solvent from the solution to obtain the solid decolorized composition.
18. The process of claim 5 wherein the solvent is ethanol.
19. The process of claim 6 wherein said alkandiyl group is substituted.
20. The process of claim 19 wherein said alkandiyl group is substituted with a residue selected from —OH, —NH 2 , —SH, —O—NHR 4 , and —O—COR 4 , wherein R 4 is an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
21. The process of claim 1 , wherein said composition in step (a) comprises more than 98% or more than 99.5% (w/w) of the betaine, based on the total amount of all solid components.
22. The process of claim 11 wherein said anion exchange resin comprises quaternary ammonium groups.
23. The process of claim 10 wherein said silicate comprises a mineral derived from bentonite, montmorillonite, talc, or is derived by pre-activation by acid treatment.