Hose with rubber and plastic
A hose is provided comprising a rubber backing layer directly bonded to a continuous polyamide layer without an intervening adhesive layer, wherein the hose exhibits increased low and high temperature capability and decreased permeation compared to standard automotive refrigerant hoses.
1. A hose, comprising a multiplicity of layers including:
a rubber backing layer directly bonded to a polyamide (PA) layer, without an intervening adhesive layer,
wherein the rubber backing layer is prepared from a first composition comprising an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), a phenylenedimaleimide, and a maleated compound,
wherein the first composition comprises at least 2 pph of the phenylenedimaleimide, compared to the EPDM,
and wherein the rubber backing layer exhibits adhesion to the polyamide layer of greater than 10 lbf/in, when tested according to ASTM D413.
2. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the maleated compound is maleated polybutadiene.
3. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the first composition further comprises an antioxidant.
4. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the first composition does not contain polypropylene.
5. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the first composition further comprises a filler.
6. The hose of claim 5 , wherein the filler is selected from one or more of the group consisting of carbon black, silica, silicates, talc, aluminum silicate, calcium carbonate, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and stearic acid.
7. The hose of claim 5 , wherein the first composition comprises a filler in an amount from 30-60 wt % compared to the total weight of the first composition.
8. The hose of claim 5 , wherein the first composition comprises a filler is present at in an amount from 40-60 wt % compared to the total weight of the first composition.
9. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the EPDM is present at 20 wt % to 60 wt % compared to the total weight of the first composition.
10. The hose of claim 9 , wherein the EPDM is present at 30 wt % to 40 wt % compared to the total weight of the first composition.
11. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) is low ethylene EPDM having no more than about 60 wt % ethylene compared to the total weight of EPDM.
12. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the maleated compound is present at 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of the total weight of the first composition.
13. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the phenylenedimaleimide is present at from 2 pph to 5 pph compared to the EPDM in the first composition.
14. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the polyamide layer is prepared from a second composition comprising one or more of polyamide 6,6; polyamide 6; or polyamide 6/12.
15. The hose of claim 14 , wherein the second composition comprises polyamide 6,6.
16. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the rubber backing layer is covalently bonded directly to the polyamide layer without adhesive.
17. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the first composition does not contain a polyamide.
18. The hose of claim 14 , wherein the second composition does not contain EPDM.
19. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the first composition does not contain polyvinyl butyral.
20. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the polyamide (PA) layer is a continuous layer.
21. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the polyamide (PA) layer is an inner layer, and the rubber backing layer is an outer layer.
22. The hose of claim 1 , wherein the first composition further comprises an organic peroxide.
23. The hose of claim 17 , wherein the organic peroxide is selected from dicumyl peroxide and t-butyl cumyl peroxide.
24. The hose of claim 1 , comprising the following distinct layers in the hose's radial direction from the outside inwards:
a cover layer;
a reinforcement layer;
the rubber backing layer;
the polyamide layer; and
a resistance layer.
25. A method of making a hose, comprising:
coextruding two or more polyamide layers onto a mandrel to form a veneer comprising an inner resistance layer and a polyamide layer;
blending a first composition comprising an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), maleic anhydride and phenylenedimalemide and extruding the first composition on top of the polyamide layer to form a rubber backing layer;
applying a reinforcement layer over the rubber backing layer;
extruding a cover layer over the reinforcement layer to form a green hose;
vulcanizing the green hose to form a cured hose; and
expelling the cured hose from the mandrel.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein said extrusion comprises shearing and heating.
27. The method of claim 25 , wherein said vulcanizing occurs at 300-330° F.
28. The method of claim 25 , wherein said coextruding comprises coextruding PA6 and PA6,6 on the mandrel to make the veneer.
29. A hose, comprising a multiplicity of layers including:
a rubber backing layer directly bonded to a polyamide (PA) layer, without an intervening adhesive layer,
wherein the rubber backing layer is prepared from a first composition comprising an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), a phenylenedimaleimide, and a maleated compound,
wherein the hose exhibits a maximum high temperature capability of at least 150° C., and
wherein the hose exhibits a permeation value of less than 3 kg/m 2 /yr for a refrigerant selected from the group consisting of R134a (1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) and R-1234-yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) when tested according to SAE J2064 at 80° C.+/−2° C.
30. The hose of claim 29 , wherein the hose exhibits a permeation value of less than 3 kg/m 2 /yr for the refrigerant R134a (1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) when tested according to SAE J2064 at 80° C.+/−2° C.
31. The hose of claim 30 , wherein the hose exhibits a permeation value of no more than 2 kg/m 2 /yr for the refrigerant R134a (1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) when tested according to SAE J2064 at 80° C.+/−2° C.
32. The hose of claim 29 , wherein the hose exhibits a permeation value of less than 2 kg/m 2 /yr for refrigerant R-1234-yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene) when tested according to SAE J2064 at 80° C.+/−2° C.
33. The hose of claim 8 , wherein the first composition comprises a filler in an amount of 45-60 wt % compared to the total weight of the first composition.
34. The hose according to claim 24 , wherein the polyamide layer comprises PA6,6 and the resistance layer comprises PA6.
35. The hose according to claim 34 , wherein the hose exhibits a maximum operating temperature of at least 150° C.
36. The hose of claim 12 , wherein the maleated compound is present at 0.5 wt % to 10 wt % of the total weight of the first composition.
37. The hose of claim 29 , comprising the following distinct layers in the hose's radial direction from the outside inwards:
a cover layer;
a reinforcement layer;
the rubber backing layer;
the polyamide layer; and
a resistance layer.
38. The hose of claim 37 , wherein the EPDM is present at 20 wt % to 60 wt % compared to the total weight of the first composition.
39. The hose of claim 38 , wherein the EPDM is present at 30 wt % to 40 wt % compared to the total weight of the first composition.
40. The hose according to claim 37 , wherein the polyamide layer comprises PA6,6 and the resistance layer comprises PA6.
41. The hose according to claim 37 , wherein the hose exhibits a maximum operating temperature of at least 150° C.
42. The hose of claim 37 , wherein the maleated compound is present at 0.5 wt % to 10 wt % of the total weight of the first composition.
43. The hose of claim 37 , wherein the phenylenedimaleimide is present at 0.5 wt % to 3 wt % of the total weight of the first composition.
44. The hose of claim 29 , wherein the rubber backing layer is prepared from a first composition comprising
20 to 60 wt % of an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM);
0.5 to 3 wt % of a phenylenedimaleimide;
0.1 to 10 wt % of a maleated compound; and
30 to 60 wt % of a filler.