Blood testing system and method
Some embodiments of a blood coagulation testing system include an analyzer console device and a single-use cartridge component configured to releasably install into the console device. In some embodiments, the blood coagulation testing system can operate as an automated thromboelastometry system that is particularly useful, for example, at a point-of-care site.
1. A cartridge for use with a blood testing console, the cartridge comprising:
a blood sample receiver configured to receive a blood sample to be tested;
and a plurality of blood processing and testing paths arranged in a parallel, each blood processing and testing path receiving a portion of the blood sample, and each blood processing and testing path comprising:
a blood sample volume measurement chamber in fluid communication with the blood sample receiver, the blood sample volume measurement chamber having a selected internal volume to contain a predefined volume of blood sample from the blood sample container;
a mixing chamber in fluid communication with the blood sample volume measurement chamber and with a reagent, the mixing chamber configured to receive the predetermined volume of the blood sample from the blood sample volume measurement chamber and mix the received blood with the reagent; and
a viscoelastic blood testing chamber configured to receive mixed blood and reagent from the mixing chamber for a viscoelastic test to be performed on the mixed blood and reagent while the mixed blood and reagent resides in the testing chamber.
2. The cartridge of claim 1 , wherein the blood sample volume measurement chamber of the blood processing and testing paths are arranged in a series such that a first blood sample volume measurement chamber of a first one of the blood processing and testing paths is configured to be filled with blood sample to a predefined level, a second blood sample volume measurement chamber of a second one of the blood processing and testing paths configured to be filled with blood overflowing the first blood sample volume measurement chamber, and thereafter each successive blood sample volume measurement chamber is configured to be filled in series with blood overflowing from the previous blood sample volume measurement chamber.
3. The cartridge of claim 2 , further comprising a vacuum port at an opposite end of the series of the blood sample volume measurement chambers from the blood sample receiver, wherein the cartridge is configured such that, when an external vacuum is applied to the vacuum port, blood is transported from the blood sample receiver to fill each of the blood sample volume measurement chambers in series.
4. The cartridge of claim 3 , further comprising a first conduit for transporting blood between the blood sample receiver and the blood sample volume measurement chamber of a first one of the blood processing and testing paths.
5. The cartridge of claim 4 , further comprising a first valve positioned in the first conduit, the first valve being configured to be selectively opened to allow blood sample to be transported through the first conduit from the blood sample receiver to fill each of the blood sample volume measurement chambers in series.
6. The cartridge of claim 1 , wherein each of the blood processing and testing paths comprises a second conduit for transporting blood between the blood sample volume measurement chamber and the corresponding mixing chamber.
7. The cartridge of claim 5 , wherein each of the blood processing and testing paths comprises a first vent to ambient outside of the cartridge, each first vent being positioned such that blood does not flow through the second conduit from the blood sample volume measurement chamber to the mixing chamber when the first vent is in a closed position.
8. The cartridge of claim 6 , wherein the first vent is configured to be selectively opened, and wherein the cartridge is configured such that blood flows from the blood sample measurement chamber to the mixing chamber when the first vent is in an open position.
9. The cartridge of claim 1 , wherein the mixing chamber comprises reagent beads in solid form that dissolves when contacted with the blood from the blood sample volume measurement chamber to provide the mixed blood and reagent in the mixing chamber, and wherein the reagent beads comprise reagent compositions including one or more of CaCl2, ellagic acid/phospholipids, tissue factor, heparinase, polybrene, cytochalasin D, tranexamic acid.
10. The cartridge of claim 1 , wherein each of the blood processing and testing paths comprises a third conduit for transporting the mixed blood and reagent from the mixing chamber to the corresponding viscoelastic blood testing chamber.
11. The cartridge of claim 10 , wherein each of the blood processing and testing paths comprises a second valve positioned in the third conduit, each second valve being configured to prevent the flow of the mixed blood and reagent through the third conduit when in a closed position and to allow the flow of the mixed blood and reagent through the third conduit when in an open position.
12. The cartridge of claim 11 , further comprising a pressure application port positioned such that, when an outside pressure is applied to the pressure application port and the second valve is in an open position, the mixed blood and reagent from the mixing chamber is transported through the third conduit from the mixing chamber to the corresponding viscoelastic blood testing chamber.
13. The cartridge of claim 1 , wherein the viscoelastic blood testing chamber comprises a movable probe element therein that mechanically tests for blood coagulation characteristics.