CARBONIC ANHYDRASE XEROGEL PARTICLES
The present invention generally relates to carbonic anhydrase xerogel particles comprising a polysilicate-polysilicone copolymer and carbonic anhydrase. The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particles can be used for carbon dioxide capture.
1 . A carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle comprising carbonic anhydrase entrapped within a xerogel particle, the carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle being derived from a sol comprising (i) an alkoxy silane, an organotrialkoxy silane, or a metasilicate, (ii) a hydrophobic organotrialkoxy silane, a hydrophobic organohalosilane, or a combination thereof, (iii) a poly(silicone), (iv) a hydrophilic additive, and (v) carbonic anhydrase.
2 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic organotrialkoxy silane or hydrophobic organohalosilane comprises an alkyl chlorosilane, a fluoroalkyl chlorosilane, a phenyl chlorosilane, an alkyl trialkoxysilane, a fluoroalkyl trialkoxysilane, a phenyl trialkoxysilane, or a combination thereof.
3 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 2 wherein the hydrophobic organotrialkoxy silane or hydrophobic organohalosilane comprises octadecyldimethylchlorosilane, benzyldimethyl chlorosilane, octadecyl trimethoxysilane, phenylethyl trimethoxysilane, nonafluorohexyl trimethoxysilane, (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)dimethyl chlorosilane, isobutyl trimethoxysilane, nonafluorohexyldimethyl chlorosilane, tridecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrooctyl)dimethyl chlorosilane, (heptadecafluoro-1,1,2,2-tatrahydrodecyl)dimethyl chlorosilane, or a combination thereof.
4 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 3 wherein the hydrophobic organotrialkoxy silane comprises nonafluorohexyl trimethoxysilane, isobutyl trimethoxysilane, or a combination thereof.
5 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the alkoxy silane is tetramethylorthosilicate, tetraethylorthosilicate, methyltriethylorthosilicate, ethyltrimethylorthosilicate, dimethyldiethylorthosilicate, tetraglyceryl silicate, or a combination thereof.
6 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 5 wherein the organotrialkoxy silane is trimethoxymethylsilane, trimethoxyethylsilane, or a combination thereof.
7 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the alkoxy silane comprises tetramethylorthosilicate.
8 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the poly(silicone) is a poly(siloxane) selected from the group consisting of poly(dimethylsiloxane), poly(dimethylsiloxane)-co-poly(alkene oxide), or a combination thereof.
9 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 8 wherein the poly(siloxane) comprises polydimethylsiloxane.
10 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the poly(silicone) is silanol-terminated.
11 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 comprising an alkoxysilane of tetramethyl orthosilicate, a poly(silicone) of a silanol-terminated poly(dimethyl siloxane), a hydrophilic additive of a crown ether, and a hydrophobic organotrialkoxy silane of isobutyl trimethoxysilane, nonafluorohexyl trimethoxysilane, or a combination thereof.
12 . (canceled)
13 . A carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle comprising carbonic anhydrase entrapped within a xerogel particle, the carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle being derived from a sol comprising (i) an alkoxy silane or an organotrialkoxy silane or metasilicate, (ii) a poly(silicone), and (iii) carbonic anhydrase wherein the carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle is further modified by a hydrophobic or hydrophilic modifier.
14 - 20 . (canceled)
21 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the particle has a size from about 1 μm to about 250 μm.
22 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the sol is reacted with a catalyst.
23 - 30 . (canceled)
31 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the hydrophilic additive is poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(ethylene oxide), a quaternary ammonium polymer, a crown ether, a cyclodextrin, a surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, poly(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide), poly(acrylamide-methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium bromide), or a combination thereof.
32 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 31 wherein the hydrophilic additive comprises hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide.
33 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 31 wherein the crown ether is 12-crown-4; 1,7-diaza-12-crown-4; 1,4,8,11-tetrathiacyclotetradecane; 1,4,8,12-tetraazacyclopentadecane; 15-crown-5; 18-crown-6; dibenzo-18-crown-6; dicyclohexano-18-crown-6; (18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid; 1-aza-18-crown-6; diaza-18-crown-6; or a combination thereof.
34 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 31 wherein the crown ether comprises 18-crown-6.
35 . The carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 wherein the sol further comprises a surfactant and the surfactant comprises cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB).
36 - 38 . (canceled)
39 . A process for removing CO 2 from a CO 2 -containing gas, the process comprising
contacting a liquid with a CO 2 -containing gas; and contacting the CO 2 in the liquid with the carbonic anhydrase xerogel particle of claim 1 to catalyze hydration of the CO 2 and form a treated liquid comprising hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions.
40 - 61 . (canceled)