Laser cut composite glass article and method of cutting
The present disclosure relates to a process for cutting and separating arbitrary shapes of thin substrates of transparent materials, particularly tailored composite fusion drawn glass sheets, and the disclosure also relates to a glass article prepared by the method. The developed laser method can be tailored for manual separation of the parts from the panel or full laser separation by thermally stressing the desired profile. The self-separation method involves the utilization of an ultra-short pulse laser that can be followed by a CO 2 laser (coupled with high pressure air flow) for fully automated separation.
1. A method of laser processing a fusion formed glass composite workpiece, the method comprising:
focusing a pulsed laser beam into a laser beam focal line oriented along the beam propagation direction and directed into the fusion formed glass composite workpiece, the laser beam focal line generating an induced absorption within the fusion formed glass composite workpiece, and the induced absorption producing a defect line along the laser beam focal line within the fusion formed glass composite workpiece; and
translating the fusion formed glass composite workpiece and the laser beam relative to each other along a contour, thereby forming a plurality of defect lines within the fusion formed glass composite workpiece, the plurality of defect lines being spaced apart by a distance between 0.5 microns and 20 microns;
wherein the fusion formed glass composite workpiece is in the form of a glass sheet, the glass sheet comprising at least two layers having at least two different respective annealing temperatures; and
wherein the focusing and the translating are performed within the glass sheet at an online draw; and
wherein the focusing and the translating are performed with the glass sheet at a temperature between the at least two different respective annealing temperatures.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of defect lines are spaced apart by a distance between 1 micron and 7 microns.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of defect lines extend at least 250 microns.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fusion formed glass composite workpiece has a central tension greater than 5 megapascals (MPa).
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fusion formed glass composite workpiece comprises cladding and core layers with different coefficients of thermal expansion, with a total of three or more layers.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating the fusion formed glass composite workpiece along the contour.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the separating the fusion formed glass composite workpiece along the contour includes directing a carbon dioxide laser into the workpiece along or near the contour to facilitate separation of the fusion formed glass composite workpiece along the contour.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a pulse duration of the pulsed laser beam is in a range of between greater than about 1 picosecond and less than about 100 picoseconds.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pulse duration is in a range of between greater than about 5 picoseconds and less than about 20 picoseconds.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein a repetition rate is in a range of between about 1 kHz and 4 MHz.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the repetition rate of the pulsed laser beam is in a range of between about 10 kHz and 650 kHz.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pulsed laser beam has an average laser energy measured at the fusion formed glass composite workpiece greater than 40 μJ per mm thickness of the fusion formed glass composite workpiece.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein pulses are produced in bursts of at least two pulses separated by a duration in a range of between about 1 nsec and about 50 nsec, and a burst repetition frequency is in a range of between about 1 kHz and about 650 kHz.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the at least two pulses are separated by a duration of about 20 nsec.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pulsed laser beam has a wavelength and the fusion formed glass composite workpiece is substantially transparent at the wavelength.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the laser beam focal line has a length in a range of between about 0.01 mm and about 100 mm.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the laser beam focal line has a length in a range of between about 0.1 mm and about 10 mm.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the laser beam focal line has a length in a range of between about 0.1 mm and about 1 mm.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the laser beam focal line has an average spot diameter in a range of between about 0.1 micron and about 5 microns.
20. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying at least one of a heat source, a tensile stress, or a bending stress to the glass sheet in the region of the contour to facilitate separation of the glass sheet from the online draw along the contour.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contour is adjacent to a bead of the glass sheet, and wherein the forming of the plurality of defect lines along the contour facilitates separation of the bead from the glass sheet.
22. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating the glass sheet from the online draw along the contour and applying a heat source to the separated glass sheet at the contour to smooth or round the separated glass sheet at the contour.
23. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating the glass sheet from the online draw along the contour, followed by cooling the glass sheet to a temperature below a strain point of the glass sheet with a controlled temperature profile.