Methods and processes of coating zero-PGM catalysts including with Cu, Mn, Fe for TWC applications
Variations of coating processes of Cu—Mn—Fe ZPGM catalyst materials for TWC applications are disclosed. The disclosed coating processes for Cu—Mn—Fe spinel materials are enabled in the preparation ZPGM catalyst samples according to a plurality of catalyst configurations, which may include an alumina only washcoat layer coated on a suitable ceramic substrate, and an overcoat layer with or without an impregnation layer, including Cu—Mn—Fe spinel and doped Zirconia support oxide, prepared according to variations of disclosed coating processes. Activity measurements are considered under variety of lean condition to rich condition to analyze the influence of disclosed coating processes on TWC performance of ZPGM catalysts for a plurality of TWC applications. Different coating processes may substantially increase thermal stability and TWC activity, providing improved levels of NO x conversion that may lead to cost effective manufacturing solutions for ZPGM-TWC systems.
1. A process for making a catalytic system, comprising:
providing a substrate;
applying a washcoat to said substrate, wherein the substrate comprises alumina;
applying an overcoat to said washcoat, said overcoat comprising at least one support oxide comprising doped ZrO 2 ;
applying to said overcoat at least one layer of Cu—Mn spinel; and
wherein the catalytic system is free of platinum group metals; and
wherein the doped ZrO 2 comprises Nb 2 O 5 —ZrO 2 .
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the Cu—Mn spinel has a general formula of Cu x Mn 1-x Fe 2 O 4 , where x is less than 0.9 and greater than 0.1.
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein x is 0.5.
4. The process of claim 3 ; wherein the catalytic system's conversion of NO x is greater than 49%.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the Cu—Mn spinel is impregnated.
6. The process of claim 5 ; wherein the catalytic system's conversion of NO x is greater than 89%.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic system's HC T 50 is less than or equal to 61° C.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic system's NO x T 50 is less than or equal to 55° C.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises ceramics.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic system's conversion of NO x increases with an increasing amount of Cu—Mn spinel.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic system's NO/CO cross over increases with an increasing amount of Cu—Mn spinel.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic system's catalytic performance under lean conditions increases with an increasing amount of Cu—Mn spinel.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein engine performance under lean conditions increases with an increasing amount of Cu—Mn spinel.