Devices and methods for airway measurement
Described here are devices and methods for measuring a distance in an airway. In some instances, the devices may comprise an outer shaft and an inner shaft that is slidably disposed in a lumen of the outer shaft. An expandable stopper may be positioned at a distal end of the inner shaft, which may be configured to engage a carina of a patient. The device may comprise one or more alignment markings and one or more displacement markings that may be used to measure a distance between a distal tip of an endotracheal tube and the carina. In some variations, measurement may be facilitated by the use of an alignment guide that may attach to a predetermined portion of an endotracheal tube.
1. A measuring device for measuring a distance in an airway of a patient intubated with an endotracheal tube, comprising:
an elongate member configured to be removably inserted through an endotracheal tube, comprising:
an inner shaft, wherein the inner shaft comprises an expandable stopper positioned at a distal end of the inner shaft, the expandable stopper moveable between a low-profile configuration and an expanded configuration, and wherein the expandable stopper comprises a plurality of prongs;
an outer shaft comprising a lumen extending therethrough, wherein the inner shaft is slidably disposed in the lumen of the outer shaft; and
a plurality of position markings located on the outer shaft; and
an alignment guide comprising a marking indicator and position indicia, wherein the alignment guide is configured to removably attach to a predetermined portion of an external surface of the endotracheal tube and wherein the position indicia depicts a distance, from a distal end of the endotracheal tube, where the predetermined portion is located, the marking indicator is configured, in use, to determine the position of the endotracheal tube using the plurality of position markings on the outer shaft; and
wherein one of the plurality of position markings is an alignment marking located on the outer shaft at a distance, from a distal end of the elongate member, indicated by the position indicia of the alignment guide, and at least one of the plurality of position markings is a displacement marking located on the outer shaft 2 cm to 5 cm proximal to the alignment marking.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the marking indicator comprises a viewfinder.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of position markings comprises a proximal displacement region having a first color, a distal displacement region having a second color, and a medial displacement region having a third color different from the first and second colors.
4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the medial displacement region is configured such that when aligned with the marking indicator, the expandable stopper is at a predetermined distance from the distal tip of the endotracheal tube.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the predetermined distance is within 2-5 cm.
6. The device of claim 3 , wherein the first and second colors are the same.
7. The device of claim 3 , wherein the first and second colors are different.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the alignment marking comprises a region having a color.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of prongs comprises at least 5 prongs.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of prongs comprise prongs of different lengths.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein one or more prongs of the plurality of prongs comprise one or more curves.
12. The device of claim 11 , wherein when the expandable stopper is in the expanded configuration, one or more prongs of the plurality of prongs comprise a curved proximal portion that forms an angle with a surface parallel to a longitudinal axis of the device that is less than 75 degrees.
13. The device of claim 11 , wherein when the expandable stopper is in the expanded configuration, one or more prongs of the plurality of prongs comprise a curved distal portion that forms an angle with a surface parallel to a longitudinal axis of the device that is between 1 and 45 degrees.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of prongs comprises atraumatic tips.
15. The device of claim 14 , wherein the atraumatic tips comprise ball tips.
16. The device of claim 15 , wherein the ball tips have a diameter of 0.065-0.085.
17. The device of claim 1 , wherein the outer shaft comprises a flared distal portion and a middle portion, and wherein a maximum transverse dimension of the flared distal portion is in the range of 4.5-6 millimeters and a maximum transverse dimension of the middle portion is in the range of 2-4 millimeters.
18. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of prongs is configured to deflect with less than 0.2 lbf force.