Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and magnetic resonance imaging method

1. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus comprising:

a reception gain storage configured to store reception gains to be used for received magnetic resonance signals, the reception gains being related to at least one of patient information and imaging conditions;

at least one computer configured to obtain a reception gain from said reception gain storage, based on at least one of patient information and an imaging condition for a patient to be imaged, the patient information and the imaging condition having been specified for an imaging scan of the patient; and

at least one MRI system sequence control computer configured to receive radio frequency (RF) magnetic resonance signals from the patient using the obtained reception gain and generate image data based on the amplified received magnetic resonance signals.

2. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:

said reception gain storage is configured to store the reception gains as being related to directly or indirectly expressed ratios of fat signal amounts included in received magnetic resonance signals; and

said at least one computer is configured to obtain a corresponding reception gain from said reception gain storage, based on information expressing a ratio of a fat signal amount specified for the imaging.

3. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 2 , wherein:

said reception gain storage is configured to store reception gains as being related to ratios of fat signal amounts, including at least one of patient weights, water excitation conditions, application conditions of at least one inversion recovery pulse, conditions of shimming, application conditions of at least one fat saturation pulse, and body-mass indexes expressing degrees in obesity of patients.

4. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:

said reception gain storage is configured to store reception gains as being related to imaging conditions including at least one of imaging sequences, parts of patients to be imaged, and radio frequency coils to be used.

5. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:

said at least one computer is configured to set a reception gain for receiving the RF magnetic resonance signals, based on a specified imaging condition and reference data obtained prior to acquisition of the magnetic resonance signals to be used for generating the image data when reception gain corresponding to the specified patient information or imaging condition has not been previously stored in said reception gain storage part, the reference data corresponding to a specified imaging area.

6. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 5 , wherein:

said at least one computer is configured to obtain a distribution of fat signals based on the reference data and set reception gain for imaging based on the obtained distribution of the fat signals when reception gain corresponding to specified patient information or imaging condition has not been previously stored in said reception gain storage.

7. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 5 , wherein:

said at least one computer is configured to obtain a factor characteristic to the patient, as a parameter at each of plural spatial positions, based on the reference data, and to set reception gain for imaging based on the parameter expressing (a) the factor at the each spatial position and (b) an imaging parameter included in the specified imaging condition, when reception gain corresponding to patient information or imaging condition has not been previously stored in said reception gain storage, the factor influencing intensities of the received magnetic resonance signals.

8. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 5 , wherein:

said at least one computer is configured to set a new reception gain for receiving new RF magnetic resonance signals based on the reference data and a new imaging condition when the new imaging conditions have been set including imaging positions which are considered to be same as or a part of imaging positions set as a specified imaging condition.

9. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 7 , wherein:

said at least one computer is configured to obtain at least an image signal value of reference image data at the each of plural spatial positions or a value corresponding to the image signal value, as the parameter expressing the factor at the each spatial position.

10. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 7 , wherein:

said at least one computer is configured to obtain a relative amount of water and fat at each spatial position, as the parameter expressing the factor at the each spatial position.

11. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 10 , wherein

said at least one computer is configured to obtain the relative amount of water and fat based on reference image data sets having different contrasts, the reference image data sets having been obtained as the reference data.

12. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 5 ,

wherein said at least one computer is configured to set reception gain, for imaging, using a coefficient corresponding to a radio frequency coil to be used for acquiring the magnetic resonance signals from the imaging area when reception gain corresponding to the specified piece of the patient information or the specified imaging condition has not been previously stored in said reception gain storage.

13. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 7 , wherein:

said at least one computer is configured to calculate reception gain for the imaging by an operation using at least one physical property value of proton density, longitudinal relaxation time and transverse relaxation time, at the each spatial position according to a relative amount of water and fat, and at least one imaging parameter of a repetition time, an echo time and an inversion time in an inversion recovery method, when reception gain corresponding to the specified patient information or the specified imaging condition has not been previously stored in said reception gain storage part.

14. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 5 , wherein:

said at least one MRI system sequence control computer is configured to acquire magnetic resonance signals for generating the reference data by a pre-scan preceding acquisition of magnetic resonance signals be used to generate the image data when reception gain corresponding to the specified patient information or the specified imaging condition has not been previously stored in said reception gain storage.

15. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus of claim 14 , wherein:

said at least one MRI system sequence control computer is configured to acquire magnetic resonance signals for generating the reference data by a pre-scan for acquiring locator image data, the pre-scan preceding the acquisition of magnetic resonance signals to be used to generate for generating the image data.

16. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method comprising:

storing data representing reception gains of magnetic resonance signals, the reception gains being related in storage to at least one of patient information and imaging conditions;

retrieving reception gain data from said stored data based on patient information or imaging condition specified for an imaging scan of the patient; and

receiving radio frequency (RF) magnetic resonance signals from the patient and amplifying said received signals with an amplification factor corresponding to the relieved reception gain and generating image data based on the received and amplified magnetic resonance signals.