Method for modulating pigmentation by targeting BET bromodomain proteins
Methods, compositions, and kits useful for reducing pigmentation or treating hyperpigmentation disorders are disclosed. In accordance with the present disclosure, BET bromodomain protein inhibitors, such as JQ1, are used to reduce pigmentation, promote cell cycle arrest, inhibit the expression of TYR, TRP1, and DCT proteins, inhibit the expression of TYR mRNA, and suppress melanocyte proliferation.
1. A method of reducing pigmentation in a skin cell comprising:
administering an effective amount of a BET bromodomain protein inhibitor to a skin cell to reduce pigmentation in the skin cell,
wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor comprises a triazolothienodiazepine also known as (S)-tert-butyl 2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-6H-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepin-6-yl)acetate, having the chemical structure of Formula I:
wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor is administered at a dosage of about 500 nM.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor has the chemical formula of Formula II:
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein pigment formation in melanocytes is reduced.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein pigment formation in melanocyte precursors is reduced.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the skin cell is a melanoma cell.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor is administered in the form of an ointment, cream, or lotion.
7. A method of treating a hyperpigmentation disorder comprising:
administering an effective amount of a BET bromodomain protein inhibitor to a patient in need thereof, and treating a hyperpigmentation disorder,
wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor comprises, a triazolothienodiazepine also known as (S)-tert-butyl 2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-6H-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepin-6-yflacetate, having the chemical structure of Formula I:
wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor is administered at a dosage of about 500 nM.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the hyperpigmentation disorder is selected from the group consisting of: melasma, lentigo senilis, solar lentigo, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and ephelides.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the administering comprises applying a topical composition to human skin.
10. The method of claim 7 , further comprising administering an additional treatment for a hyperpigmentation disorder, wherein the additional treatment is selected from the group consisting of: hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, licorice extract, salicylic acid, glycolic acid, retinoic acid, retinol, 13-cis-retinoic acid, 9-cis-retinoic acid, corticosteroids, photoprotection agents, bakuchiol compositions, glutathione derivatives, and combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 7 , wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor is administered in the form of an ointment, cream, or lotion.
12. A method of reducing melanin content in a cell, the method comprising:
administering an effective amount of a BET bromodomain protein inhibitor to a cell, and reducing melanin content in the cell,
wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor comprises, a triazolothienodiazepine also known as (S)-tert-butyl 2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-6H-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepin-6-yl)acetate, having the chemical structure of Formula I:
wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor is administered at a dosage of about 500 nM.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the cell is a melanoblast.
14. A method of suppressing melanocyte proliferation comprising:
administering an effective amount of a BET bromodomain protein inhibitor to melanocytes, and suppressing proliferation of the melanocytes,
wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor comprises, a triazolothienodiazepine also known as (S)-tert-butyl 2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3,9-trimethyl-6H-thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]diazepin-6-yl)acetate, having the chemical structure of Formula I:
wherein the BET bromodomain protein inhibitor is administered at a dosage of about 500 nM.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the melanocytes comprise melanoma cells.