Fixing member having multiple elastic layers including heat conductive filler, fixing device, and image forming apparatus

1. A fixing member used for fixing toner, comprising:

a base;

a first elastic layer overlaid on an outer circumference of the base, the first elastic layer formed of a silicone rubber composition including a heat conductive filler and a micro-balloon, the heat conductive filler of the first elastic layer is a heat conductive needle shaped filler;

a second elastic layer overlaid on an outer circumference of the first elastic layer, the second elastic layer formed of a silicone rubber composition including a heat conductive filler and a micro-balloon, the heat conductive filler of the second elastic layer is a heat conductive needle shaped filler and a heat conductive sphere shaped filler; and

a release layer overlaid on an outer circumference of the second elastic layer,

wherein an amount of the heat conductive filler of the second elastic layer in the silicone rubber composition of the second elastic layer is larger than an amount of the heat conductive filler of the first elastic layer in the silicone rubber composition of the first elastic layer, and

wherein, in the second elastic layer, a mixture ratio of heat conductive needle shaped filler to heat conductive sphere shaped filler is in a range of from 10:1 to 10:10.

2. The fixing member of claim 1 , wherein the second elastic layer has a thickness that is half or less of a thickness of the first elastic layer.

3. The fixing member of claim 1 , wherein the heat conductive needle shaped filler is a carbon fiber and the heat conductive sphere shaped filler is one or more selected from the group consisting of sphere shaped graphite, aluminum nitride, and boron nitride.

4. A fixing device comprising the fixing member of claim 1 .

5. An image forming apparatus comprising the fixing device of claim 4 .

6. A fixing member used for fixing toner, comprising:

a base;

a first elastic layer overlaid on an outer circumference of the base, the first elastic layer formed of a silicone rubber composition including a heat conductive filler and a micro-balloon, the heat conductive filler of the first elastic layer is a heat conductive needle shaped filler;

a second elastic layer overlaid on an outer circumference of the first elastic layer, the second elastic layer formed of a silicone rubber composition including a heat conductive filler and a micro-balloon, the heat conductive filler of the second elastic layer is a heat conductive needle shaped filler and a heat conductive sphere shaped filler; and

a release layer overlaid on an outer circumference of the second elastic layer,

wherein an amount of the heat conductive filler of the second elastic layer in the silicone rubber composition of the second elastic layer is larger than an amount of the heat conductive filler of the first elastic layer in the silicone rubber composition of the first elastic layer,

wherein, in the second elastic laver, a mixture ratio of heat conductive needle shaped filler to heat conductive sphere shaped filler is in a range of from 10:1 to 10:10,

wherein the second elastic layer has a thickness that is half or less of a thickness of the first elastic layer, and

wherein the heat conductive needle shaped filler is a carbon fiber and the heat conductive sphere shaped filler is one or more selected from the group consisting of sphere shaped graphite, aluminum nitride, and boron nitride.

7. A fixing device comprising the fixing member of claim 6 .

8. The fixing member of claim 1 , wherein

the heat conductive needle shaped filler has an average fiber length in a range from 1 μm to 500 μm; and

the heat conductive sphere shaped filler has an average particle diameter in a range from 1 μm to 50 μm.