Electrochromic device
Disclosed herein is an electrochromic device including an active layer in which a catalyst facilitating oxidation-reduction reaction is homogeneously dispersed. The electrochromic device includes at least one active layer to reversibly exhibit a transparent state upon hydrogenation and a reflective state upon dehydrogenation, wherein the active layer includes a catalyst to facilitate a rate of reversible conversion between the transparent state and the reflective state.
1. An electrochromic device comprising:
a substrate; and
at least one active layer structure configured to reversibly exhibit a transparent state upon hydrogenation and a reflective state upon dehydrogenation, and
wherein the at least one active layer structure comprises:
a first active layer;
a second active layer disposed on the first active layer so as to be in contact with the first active layer; and
a catalyst comprising:
a first group of islands that is formed on a first planar surface, at an interface between the first active layer and the second active layer; and
a second group of islands that is formed on a second planar surface that is different than the first planar surface, at an interface between the second active layer and an electrolyte layer,
wherein the catalyst facilitates a rate of reversible conversion between the transparent state and the reflective state.
2. The electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is provided to facilitate bonding or cleavage between a metal alloy and hydrogen contained in the at least one active layer structure.
3. The electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one active layer structure comprises a magnesium (Mg) alloy.
4. The electrochromic device according to claim 3 , wherein the Mg alloy has an atomic ratio of magnesium (Mg) and an alloy material (Mg/alloy material), of about 2 to about 8.
5. The electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), silver (Ag) and gold (Au).
6. The electrochromic device according to claim 1 , further comprising an ion storage layer to store hydrogen supplied to the at least one active layer structure.
7. The electrochromic device according to claim 6 , wherein the ion storage layer comprises transition metal oxide capable of transmitting and absorbing light.
8. The electrochromic device according to claim 7 , wherein the transition metal oxide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrogen (H), lithium (Li), sodium (Na), titanium (Ti), molybdenum (Mo) and niobium (Nb).
9. The electrochromic device according to claim 6 , wherein the ion storage layer comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of tungsten oxides with hydrogen (H x WO 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), molybdenum oxide (MoO 3 ) and niobium (Nb 2 O 5 ).
10. The electrochromic device according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte layer is configured to facilitate movement of hydrogen ions.
11. The electrochromic device according to claim 10 , wherein the electrolyte layer is provided in a liquid, gel or solid state.
12. The electrochromic device according to claim 10 , wherein the electrolyte layer comprises tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ).
13. An electrochromic device comprising:
a substrate; and
at least one active layer structure configured to reversibly exhibit a transparent state upon hydrogenation and a reflective state upon dehydrogenation, and
wherein the at least one active layer structure comprises:
a first active layer;
a second active layer disposed on the first active layer so as to be in contact with the first active layer; and
a catalyst comprising:
a first group of islands that is formed on a first planar surface, at an interface between the first active layer and the second active layer; and
a second group of islands that is formed on a second planar surface that is different than the first planar surface, at an interface between the second active layer and an electrolyte layer,
wherein the catalyst facilitates a rate of reversible conversion between the transparent state and the reflective state.
14. An electrochromic device comprising:
a substrate; and
at least one active layer structure configured to reversibly exhibit a transparent state upon hydrogenation and a reflective state upon dehydrogenation,
wherein the at least one active layer structure comprises:
a first active layer;
a second active layer disposed on the first active layer so as to be in contact with the first active layer; and
a catalyst comprising:
a first group of islands that is formed on a first planar surface, at an interface between the first active layer and the second active layer; and
a second group of islands that is formed on a second planar surface that is different than the first planar surface, at an interface between the second active layer and an electrolyte layer,
wherein the catalyst facilitates a rate of reversible conversion between the transparent state and the reflective state, and
wherein a voltage is applied to the at least one active layer structure.