Hybrid method for modulating upper airway function in a subject
A hybrid method is provided for modulating upper airway function in a subject. The method includes applying first and second therapy signals to the subject to modulate at least one extrinsic laryngeal muscle and at least one intrinsic laryngeal muscle to synergistically control laryngeal motion and vocal fold movement, respectively.
1. A system, comprising:
a first electrode coupled to a first signal generator configured to apply a first therapy signal that modulates an extrinsic laryngeal muscle of a subject according to a first timing parameter to promote anteriosuperior motion of the hyolaryngeal complex; and
a second electrode coupled to a second signal generator configured to apply a second therapy signal that modulates a recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) of the subject according to a second timing parameter to promote vocal fold closure; and
a controller coupled to the first signal generator and the second signal generator configured to adjust the first timing parameter and the second timing parameter to promote swallowing based on synergistic anteriosuperior motion of the hyolaryngeal complex and vocal fold closure to prevent or mitigate aspiration in the subject during a swallow cycle.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to adjust a strength parameter of the first therapy signal or the second therapy signal based on a change in a sensed physiological parameter.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the controller is coupled to at least one sensor to sense the change in the physiological parameter.
4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the sensor is selected from the group consisting of a submental EMG sensor, a palatal tongue pressure sensor, a hypopharyngeal pressure sensor, an inner ear pressure sensor, a nasalis EMG sensor, a superior laryngeal nerve activity sensor, a submandibular nerve activity sensor, a lingual nerve activity sensor, a glossopharyngeal nerve activity sensor, and a soft palate EMG sensor.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are configured to be inserted under the subject's skin.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the first electrode is configured to be inserted into the subject's geniohyoid or thyrohyoid muscle.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the second electrode is configured to be inserted within the subject's trachea.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to adjust the first timing parameter and the second timing parameter to treat an upper airway disorder.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the upper airway disorder is at least one of a swallow cycle disorder of the subject, a laryngeal disorder of the subject, and a laryngospasm of the subject.