Charge storage devices containing carbon nanotube films as electrodes and charge collectors
An energy storage device includes a nanostructured network and an electrolyte in contact with the nanostructured network. The nanostructured network is an electrically conducting nanostructured network that provides combined functions of an electrode and a charge collector of the energy storage device. An electrical device includes an energy storage device that includes a nanostructured network and an electrolyte in contact with the nanostructured network, and a load-bearing electrical circuit electrically connected to the electrical energy storage device. The energy storage device is suitable to power the electrical device while in operation.
1. A nanocomposite device, comprising:
(a) an electrically conducting nanostructured network; and
(b) an electrolyte material in contact with the nanostructured network;
(c) said nanostructured network comprising a composite of:
(i) a first electrically conducting nanostructured network material; and
(ii) a second electrically conducting nanostructured network material in contact with the first electrically conducting nanostructured network material;
(d) wherein the first electrically conducting material and the second electrically conducting material have different particle packing densities.
2. The device of claim 1 :
wherein the first electrically conducting nanostructured network material comprises an oxide material; and
wherein the second electrically conducting nanostructured network material comprises a conductive polymer material or a carbon material.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the oxide material is selected from the group of materials consisting of TiO 2 , PbO 2 , RuO 2 , IrO 2 , MnO 2 , Fe 3 O 4 , In 2 O 3 , WO 3 , SnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , Ni(OH) 2 , Ni(OOH), LiCoO 2 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , and Ir 0.3 Mn 0.7 O 2 .
4. The device of claim 2 , wherein the conductive polymer material is selected from the group of polymers consisting of polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrol, and PEDOT.
5. The device of claim 2 , wherein the carbon material is a material selected from the group of materials consisting of carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, graphene flakes, and activated carbon.
6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the second electrically conducting nanostructured network material is a material selected from the group of materials consisting of metal nanowires, silver nanowires, conductive polymer nanowires, conductive nanowire-polymer composites, and zinc nanoparticles.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the second electrically conducting nanostructured network material is electroactive.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the nanostructured network comprises a carbon network or a metal nanowire network.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is a printed component of a battery or a supercapacitor.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a liquid electrolyte, a polymer electrolyte, a gel electrolyte, and an ionic electrolyte.
11. A nanocomposite device, comprising:
(a) a first electrically conducting nanostructured network;
(b) a second electrically conducting nanostructured network; and
(c) an electrolyte material in contact with both the first and second nanostructured networks;
(d) said first nanostructured network comprising a composite of:
(i) a first electrically conducting material; and
(ii) a second electrically conducting material in contact with the first electrically conducting material;
(iii) wherein the first electrically conducing material and the second electrically conducting material have different particle packing densities;
(e) said second nanostructured network comprising a composite of:
(i) a first electrically conducting material; and
(ii) a second electrically conducting material in contact with the first electrically conducting material.
12. The device of claim 11 :
wherein the first electrically conducting material in said first nanostructured network comprises an oxide material; and
wherein the second electrically conducting material in said first nanostructured network comprises a conductive polymer material or a carbon material.
13. The device of claim 12 , wherein the oxide material is selected from the group of materials consisting of TiO 2 , PbO 2 , RuO 2 , IrO 2 , MnO 2 , Fe 3 O 4 , In 2 O 3 , WO 3 , SnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , Ni(OH) 2 , Ni(OOH), LiCoO 2 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , and Ir 0.3 Mn 0.7 O 2 .
14. The device of claim 12 , wherein the conductive polymer material is selected from the group of polymers consisting of polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrol, and PEDOT.
15. The device of claim 12 , wherein the carbon material is a material selected from the group of materials consisting of carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, graphene flakes, and activated carbon.
16. The device of claim 11 , wherein the second electrically conducting material in said first nanostructured network is a material selected from the group of materials consisting of metal nanowires, silver nanowires, conductive polymer nanowires, conductive nanowire-polymer composites, and zinc nanoparticles.
17. The device of claim 11 , wherein the second electrically conducting material is electroactive.
18. The device of claim 11 , wherein the device is a printed component of a battery or a supercapacitor.
19. The device of claim 11 , wherein the electrolyte material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a liquid electrolyte, a polymer electrolyte, a gel electrolyte, and an ionic electrolyte.
20. The device of claim 11 , wherein the first nanostructured network interpenetrates the second nanostructured network to form a composite structure.