Method for structuring layer surfaces

1. Coating method on the basis of physical deposition from the gas phase by means of spark evaporation, with the following steps:

selecting a first target as a material source for a coating;

providing a coating chamber with an arc evaporation source comprising at least the selected target;

loading the coating chamber with substrates to be coated;

pumping down the coating chamber to a process pressure suitable for the arc evaporation;

igniting and operating a spark such that material is evaporated from the first target and is then deposited on the substrates to be coated;

characterized in that the first target comprises at least one matrix component and one doping component such that the doping component has a melting point at least 600° C. lower than the matrix component, and a melted drop of the doping component does not wet a solid surface of the matrix component.

2. The coating method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the melted drop of the doping component on a solid surface of the matrix component assumes a contact angle of a least 90°.

3. The coating method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the first target is chosen such that the matrix component consists of at least one of the elements from a first group formed by Ir, Mo, Nb, Os, Re, Rh, Ta, Ti, V, W, Zr or their alloys.

4. The coating method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the first target is chosen such that the doping component consists of at least one element from a second group formed by Ag, Ca, Ce, Du, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, La, Mg, Nd, Pb, Sb, Sm, Sr, Tl, Y, Yb, Zn or their alloys.

5. The coating method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the first target is chosen such that the combination of matrix component and doping component is present such that their melting points differ by at least 800° C.

6. The coating method according to claim 5 , wherein the melting points differ by at least 1000° C.

7. The coating method according to claim 1 , characterized in that in the first target, the doping component is present in a higher concentration than it can form a mixed crystal with the matrix component according to the phase diagram.

8. The coating method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the coating is advantageously first performed from a second target which essentially does not comprise any doping component and is coated by the first target to deposit a top cover layer.

9. The coating method according to claim 1 , wherein the step of igniting and operating the spark is performed after reaction with a reactive gas admitted into the coating chamber.

10. Method for producing a structured layer, characterized in that the coating method according to claim 1 further comprises polishing the material deposited on the substrates to at least partly remove spatters integrated into a surface layer of the material and form recesses with an essentially circular diameter, wherein the spatters were integrated into the surface layer of the material when the material was deposited on the substrate.

11. Method according to claim 10 , characterized in that a portion of the spatters remain in the recesses after polishing.