Plaque detection using a stream probe
An apparatus ( 100, 100 ′) is configured such that passage of a fluid ( 30 ) through an open port of a distal tip ( 112, 112 ′) enables detection of a substance ( 116 ) that may be present on a surface ( 31, 33 ), e.g., a surface of a tooth, based on measurement of a signal correlating to a substance at least partially obstructing the passage of fluid ( 30 ) through the open port. The apparatus ( 100, 100 ′) includes a proximal pump portion ( 124 ) and at least one distal probe portion ( 110 ) configured to be immersed in another fluid ( 11 ), e.g., water in toothpaste foam. A corresponding system ( 3000 ) includes one or two such apparatuses ( 3100, 3200 ). A method of detecting the presence of a substance on a surface includes probing an interaction zone ( 17 ) for at least partial obstruction of flow of the second fluid medium ( 30 ) through a distal probe tip.
1. An electric toothbrush comprising:
an oral insertion portion containing a toothbrush component with bristles;
a body portion containing a pump portion having a plunger to supply a gas stream at a proximal end thereof, a proximal probe portion in fluid communication with the pump portion, and detection electronics;
a first parameter sensor positioned at plunger in electrical communication with the detection electronics for measuring a change in gas pressure in the proximal pump portion;
a stream probe detection apparatus configured to detect the presence of a substance on a dental surface, the apparatus comprising:
a distal probe portion in the oral insertion portion configured to be immersed in a first fluid,
the distal probe portion defining a distal tip having an open port to enable the passage of a gas, therethrough,
the parameter sensor configured such that an increase in pressure signal detected by the parameter sensor is conveyed to the detection electronics if a substance outside of the stream probe and on the dental surface is at least partially obstructing the passage of gas through the open port of the distal tip.
2. The electric toothbrush according to claim 1 , further comprising at least a second parameter sensor disposed between the distal end of the proximal pump portion and the distal probe portion wherein the second parameter sensor is disposed in fluid communication with the distal tip, the detection electronics configured to detect a change in the signal detected by the second parameter sensor.
3. The electric toothbrush according to claim 2 , further comprising a restriction orifice disposed in the pressure sensing portion upstream of the second parameter sensor.
4. The electric toothbrush according to claim 2 , wherein the second parameter sensor is a strain gauge configured and disposed on the distal probe portion to detect and measure the strain of the probe portion.
5. The electric toothbrush according to claim 2 , wherein the second parameter sensor is a flow sensor configured and disposed to detect the flow of gas through the open port of the distal tip.
6. The electric toothbrush according to claim 1 , wherein the pump portion further comprises a plunger reciprocally moveable away from the proximal end towards a distal end of the pump portion, the movement of the plunger inducing thereby a change in pressure in the distal probe portions.
7. The electric toothbrush according to claim 1 wherein the substance is dental plaque.
8. The electric toothbrush according to claim 1 , wherein the oral insertion portion includes a brush head and bristles mounted on the brush head and wherein the distal probe tip is intermingled with the bristles.