Process for utilizing blast furnace gases, associated gases and/or biogases
The invention relates to a process for utilizing a hydrocarbon-comprising and/or carbon dioxide-comprising coproduct gas, accompanying gas and/or biogas, wherein hydrocarbon-comprising and/or carbon dioxide-comprising coproduct gas, accompanying gas and/or biogas is introduced into a reaction space and the multicomponent mixture comprised in the coproduct gas, accompanying gas and/or biogas is converted in a high-temperature zone at temperatures of more than 1000° C. and in the presence of a carrier into a product gas mixture which comprises more than 95% by volume of CO, CO 2 , H 2 , H 2 O, CH 4 and N 2 and optionally into a carbon-comprising solid which is deposited to an extent of at least 75% by weight, based on the total mass of the carbon-comprising solid, on the carrier where the flow velocity of the gas mixture of coproduct gas, accompanying gas and/or biogas in the reaction zone is less than 20 m/s.
1. A process for utilizing a gaseous starting material containing hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide comprising:
contacting the gaseous starting material containing hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide with a carrier in a reaction space having high temperature zone at a temperature ranging from 1,100 to 1,400° C. to produce a synthesis gas that contains more than 95% of a mixture of CO, CO 2 , H 2 , H 2 O, CH 4 and N 2 , and
cooling the synthesis gas at >200 K/s;
wherein the carrier is conveyed through the reaction space on a moving bed, the gaseous starting material containing hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide is conveyed in countercurrent to the carrier at a flow velocity of less than 20 m/s, and a solids residence time per unit gas residence time under standard conditions is in the range from 200 to 5,000;
wherein the synthesis gas is conveyed in countercurrent to the moving bed and is cooled by contact with the moving bed, and
wherein the gaseous starting material containing hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide is a coproduct gas, an accompanying gas, and/or a biogas.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the flow velocity of the gaseous starting material through the reaction space is less than 10 m/s.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the gaseous starting material is a coproduct gas that contains carbon dioxide.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the molar carbon/oxygen ratio of the gaseous starting materials is set to greater than 1.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the molar carbon/oxygen ratio of the gaseous starting materials is set to less than 1.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier is a granular material comprising carbon.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the carrier is introduced into the reaction space at a temperature of from 0 to 300° C.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein hydrogen and carbon monoxide are taken off from the reaction space with a temperature of from 10 to 400° C.
9. The process according to claim 1 , which is carried out without using a catalyst comprising an active metal.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the gaseous starting material is introduced at a molar carbon/oxygen ratio C/O of >1 into the reaction space so that, in addition to synthesis gas, carbon is produced in a targeted manner and deposited on a granular carbon-containing carrier.
11. A method of using carbon produced according to the process of claim 10 in a blast furnace or in a foundry.
12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the produced synthesis gas contains more than 98% of a mixture of CO, CO 2 , H 2 , H 2 O, CH 4 and N 2 .
13. The process according to claim 1 , further comprising introducing water into the reaction space, at a molar ratio of water to methane in a range from 0.1 to 2.
14. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional throughput of the solids is from 0.01 to 5 kg/m 2 /s.