Tobacco specific nitrosamine reduction in plants
In one aspect, there is provided a mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic plant cell comprising: (i) a polynucleotide comprising, consisting or consisting essentially of a sequence encoding a member of the CLC family of chloride channels and having at least 60% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1 or SEQ ID NO:2 or SEQ ID NO:3 or SEQ ID NO:4 or SEQ ID NO:10 or SEQ ID NO:11; (ii) a polypeptide encoded by the polynucleotide set forth in (i); (iii) a polypeptide comprising, consisting or consisting essentially of a sequence encoding a member of the CLC family of chloride channels and having at least 60% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:5 or SEQ ID NO:6 or SEQ ID NO:7 or SEQ ID NO:12 or SEQ ID NO:13 or SEQ ID NO:14; or (iv) a construct, vector or expression vector comprising the isolated polynucleotide set forth in (i); and wherein the expression or activity of the polynucleotide or the polypeptide is modulated as compared to a control plant and wherein the nitrate levels in the mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic plant containing the mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic plant cell are modulated as compared to the control plant containing the control plant cell.
1. A mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic tobacco plant cell comprising one or more mutations in:
(i) a polynucleotide comprising a sequence encoding a member of the CLC family of chloride channels and having at least 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 1;
(ii) a polypeptide encoded by the polynucleotide set forth in (i); or
(iii) a polypeptide comprising a sequence encoding a member of the CLC family of chloride channels and having at least 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO: 5 and
wherein the one or more mutations comprises a substitution mutation at position G163 of SEQ ID NO: 5; the expression or activity of the polynucleotide or the polypeptide is reduced as compared to a control tobacco plant containing a control tobacco plant cell; and
nitrate levels in a mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic tobacco plant containing the mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic tobacco plant cell are decreased as compared to the control tobacco plant containing the control tobacco plant cell.
2. A mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic tobacco plant or component thereof comprising the mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic tobacco plant cell according to claim 1 .
3. A method for modulating at least the total tobacco specific nitrosamine levels of a tobacco plant or a component thereof, comprising the steps of:
introducing into the genome of the tobacco plant one or more mutations within at least one allele of a member of the CLS family of chloride channels comprising:
(i) a polynucleotide comprising a sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:1;
(ii) a polypeptide encoded by the polynucleotide set forth in (i); or
(iii) a polypeptide comprising a sequence having at least 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:5;
and wherein the one or mutations comprises a substitution mutation at position G163 of SEQ ID NO: 5.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) content and/or the nictotine content is modulated in the tobacco plant; and/or
wherein at least the N-nitrosonicotine (NNN) content is the same as the control tobacco plant.
5. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the component of the tobacco plant is a leaf.
6. A mutant, non-naturally occurring, or transgenic tobacco plant or a component thereof that is obtained or obtainable by the method according to claim 3 .
7. A mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic tobacco plant according to claim 2 , wherein the NNK content is about 110 ng/g or less on a dry weight basis, optionally, wherein the nitrate content is about 7 mg/g or less on a dry weight basis.
8. Tobacco plant material including biomass, seed, stem or leaves from the tobacco plant of claim 2 .
9. A method for producing cured tobacco plant material with reduced levels of at least NNK therein comprising:
curing the tobacco plant material of claim 8 for a period of time sufficient for the levels of at least NNK therein to decrease.
10. A mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic tobacco plant cell comprising a polypeptide having at least 99% sequence identity to SEQ ID NO:5 and wherein the polypeptide comprises a substitution mutation at position G163 of SEQ ID NO:5.
11. A mutant, non-naturally occurring or transgenic tobacco plant cell comprising a polypeptide of the CLC family of chloride channels, wherein the polypeptide comprises a substitution mutation at a position corresponding to G163 of SEQ ID NO:5.