Additive manufacturing temperature controller/sensor apparatus and method of use thereof
An additive manufacturing temperature controller/temperature sensor uses one or more spectrophotometric sensors to monitor temperature of successive layers and preferably localized sections of successive layers of a melt pool, and transients thereof, of an object being generated for the purpose of dynamic control of the additive manufacturing device and/or quality control of the generated object manufactured with the additive manufacturing device. Generally, the additive manufacturing temperature controller/sensor apparatus monitors temperature of a section of the object during manufacture as a function of wavelength, time, position, and/or angle to determine melt extent in terms of radius and/or depth.
1. A method for determining a temperature of an object under construction, comprising the steps of:
providing an additive manufacturing device configured to construct the object comprising:
a working platform holding the object under construction; and
a temperature sensor, comprising:
a first two-dimensional detector array optically linked to a plane parallel to a surface of the working platform; and
a second two-dimensional detector array optically linked to the plane parallel to the working platform;
generating a first set of signals using said first two-dimensional detector array;
generating a second set of signals using said second two-dimensional detector array; and
using a controller to calculate a set of temperatures using said first set of signals and said second set of signals.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:
depositing a powder on the plane parallel to the surface of the working platform using a screed of said additive manufacturing device;
sintering the powder generating a melt pool of melted powder using a laser of said additive manufacturing device;
sensing the melt pool using said temperature sensor;
using the calculated set of temperatures in a step of at least one of:
controlling said laser; and
determining a quality of sintering of the object;
said controller using the calculated set of temperatures in a feedback control loop to redirect said laser to further lase a previously lased position of the object.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
prior to said step of sensing, aligning said first two-dimensional detector array to image on a detector element by detector element level a same position of the object observed by said second two-dimensional detector, said set of temperatures corresponding to individual imaged locations of the object imaged by elements of the first two-dimensional detector.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
within a period of less than one second, monitoring at least two locations of the object at least three millimeters apart using said first two-dimensional detector array and said second two-dimensional detector array, said at least two locations of the object comprising: a first object location lased using a first laser and a second object location lased using a second laser.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
multiplexing construction of the object via simultaneous use of a first laser, a second laser, and a third laser, respectively lasing a first position, a second position, and a third position of the object.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
said controller using a-priori knowledge of shape of a spectrum of a blackbody radiator as related to the first set of signals and the second set of signals to determine the set of temperatures.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
using said temperature sensor to monitor, within one-tenth of a second, at least two sintering locations sintered by a corresponding at least two lasers of said additive manufacturing device, wherein a first laser of said at least two lasers sinters a first location of said at least two sintering locations simultaneous with a second laser of said at least two lasers sintering a second location of said at least two sintering locations.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
using each of said first-two dimensional detector array and said second two-dimensional detector array to simultaneously monitor a current sintering location at the head of a teardrop iso-temperature shape of a current melt pool of the object with a first set of pixels and at least one previously sintered location at a tail of the teardrop iso-temperature shape of the melt pool of the object with a second set of pixels to determine at least a cooling rate of a section of the object.
9. The method of claim 2 , further comprising the step of:
recording data from both said first two-dimensional detector array and said second two-dimensional detector array; and
using said data to determine a cooling parameter of the melt pool of the object after lasing with a laser of said additive manufacturing device.