Polymeric monolithic capacitor
Prismatic polymer monolithic capacitor structure operating at temperatures exceeding 140° C. and including multiple interleaving radiation-cured polymer dielectric layers and metal layers. Method for fabrication of same. The geometry of structure is judiciously chosen to increase sheet resistance of metal electrodes while reducing the capacitor's equivalent series resistance. Metal electrode layers are provided with a thickened peripheral portion to increase strength of terminating connections and are passivated to increase corrosion resistance. Materials for polymer dielectric layers are devised to ensure that the capacitor's dissipation factor remains substantially unchanged across the whole range of operating temperatures, to procure glass transition temperature that is no less than the desired operating temperature, and to optimize the absorption of ambient moisture by the polymeric layers.
1. A polymer monolithic capacitor formed in the vacuum, the capacitor comprising:
multiple polymer dielectric layers, and
multiple metallized electrode layers,
wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer comprises a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.0 and an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of at least 0.1,
wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 100° C., and
wherein said capacitor has a dissipation factor of less than 0.02 at 140° C.
2. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , wherein said at least one polymer dielectric layer has a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.2.
3. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , wherein said at least one polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 140° C.
4. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , wherein a metallized electrode layer has a heavy edge.
5. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , wherein at least one metallized electrode layer has a passivated surface.
6. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , characterized by a dissipation factor of less than 0.01 at 140° C.
7. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , comprising two or more internal electrical connections configured in series.
8. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , wherein at least one metallized electrode layer is passivated and contains organometallic bonds between an adjacent polymer dielectric layer and a surface of the metallized electrode layer.
9. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , wherein said capacitor has a prismatic shape with transverse dimensions L, W, and H, wherein L represents a first extent of the capacitor along which the capacitor is equipped with an electrical termination, W represents a second extent of the capacitor, and H represents a third extent of the capacitor in a direction in which said polymer dielectric layers and metallized electrode layers are stacked, and wherein the ratio of said first extent to said second extent is greater than 1.
10. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 9 , wherein said ratio is greater than 2.
11. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 , wherein each polymer dielectric layer comprises a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.0 and an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of at least 0.1, and wherein each polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 100° C.
12. An article of manufacture that includes the polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 1 .
13. A polymer monolithic capacitor formed in the vacuum, the capacitor comprising:
multiple polymer dielectric layers, and
multiple metal electrode layers
wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer includes a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.0 and an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of at least 0.1,
wherein at least one metal electrode layer has a surface layer that is passivated, and
wherein said capacitor has a dissipation factor of less than 0.02 at 140° C.
14. The polymer monolithic capacitor according to claim 13 , wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer includes a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.0 and an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of at least 0.1, and wherein each metal electrode layer has a surface layer that is passivated.
15. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 , wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer comprises a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.2.
16. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 , wherein at least one metal electrode layer has a heavy edge.
17. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 , wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 125° C.
18. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 , wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 140° C.
19. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 , which has a dissipation factor of less than 0.01 at 140° C.
20. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 , comprising two or more internal electrical connections configured in series.
21. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 , wherein said capacitor has a prismatic shape with transverse dimensions L, W, and H,
wherein L represents a first extent of the capacitor along which the capacitor is equipped with an electrical termination, W represents a second extent of the capacitor, and H represents a third extent of the capacitor in a direction in which said polymer dielectric layers and metal electrode layers are stacked, and
wherein the ratio of said first extent to said second extent is greater than 1.
22. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 , wherein said ratio is greater than 2.
23. An article of manufacture that includes the polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 13 .
24. A polymer monolithic capacitor formed in the vacuum, the capacitor comprising:
multiple polymer dielectric layers, and
multiple metallized electrode layers
wherein a polymer dielectric layer comprises a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.0 and an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of at least 0.1, and
wherein said capacitor has a dissipation factor smaller than 0.02 at a temperature greater than 100° C.
25. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein each of said polymer dielectric layers includes a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.0 and an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of at least 0.1.
26. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein the dissipation factor is smaller than 0.01 at said temperature.
27. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein the dissipation factor is smaller than 0.02 at a temperature exceeding 140° C.
28. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein the dissipation factor is smaller than 0.01 at the temperature exceeding 140° C.
29. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein a metal electrode layer has a heavy edge.
30. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein a polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 100° C.
31. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein a polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 140° C.
32. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , comprising two or more internal electrical connections configured in series.
33. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein a metallized electrode layer contains a layer of passivated material of said electrode and an organometallic bond.
34. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 , wherein said capacitor has a prismatic shape with transverse dimensions L, W, and H, wherein L represents a first extent of the capacitor along which the capacitor is equipped with an electrical termination, W represents a second extent of the capacitor, and H represents a third extent of the capacitor in a direction in which said polymer dielectric layers and metallized electrode layers are stacked, and wherein the ratio of said first extent to said second extent is greater than 1.
35. An article of manufacture that includes the polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 24 .
36. A polymer monolithic capacitor formed in the vacuum, the capacitor comprising:
multiple polymer dielectric layers, and
multiple metallized electrode layers,
wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer comprises a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.0 and an oxygen-to-carbon ratio of at least 0.1,
wherein at least one polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 100° C., and
wherein at least one metallized electrode layer is passivated and contains organometallic bonds between an adjacent polymer dielectric layer and a surface of the metallized electrode layer.
37. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 36 , wherein said at least one polymer dielectric layer has a chemical structure with a hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of at least 1.2.
38. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 36 , wherein said at least one polymer dielectric layer has a glass transition temperature greater than 140° C.
39. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 36 , wherein a metallized electrode layer has a heavy edge.
40. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 36 , vherein at least one metallized electrode layer has a passivated surface.
41. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 36 , comprising two or more internal electrical connections configured in series.
42. The polymer monolithic capacitor of claim 36 , wherein said capacitor has a prismatic shape with transverse dimensions L, W, and H, wherein L represents a first extent of the capacitor along which the capacitor is equipped with an electrical termination, W represents a second extent of the capacitor, and H represents a third extent of the capacitor in a direction in which said polymer dielectric layers and metallized electrode layers are stacked, and wherein the ratio of said first extent to said second extent is greater than 1.