Continuous non-invasive wearable blood pressure monitoring system
Presented are embodiments of an apparatus and methodology integrated in the system for non-invasive, continuous, wearable, remote and mobile monitoring of human blood pressure by photoplethysmography (PPG) based sensor and an electronic processing unit with the embedded radio allowing the reading and transmittal of the read blood pressure data to the remote location.
1. A method of continuously monitoring blood pressure, the method comprising:
(a) performing a calibration sub-process to determine and store inductance (L) and compliance of the cardiovascular system (C) for each individual user;
(b) retrieving the stored values for L and C;
(c) receiving a photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal for each pulse or for a given time period;
(d) filtering the received PPG signal to produce a clean PPG signal;
(e) determining the heart rate;
(f) determining the peripheral resistance using the heart rate;
(g) calculating the blood pressure using the clean PPG signal, the peripheral resistance, L and C; and
(h) determining the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising repeating steps (b) through (h) for each predetermined time period.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising repeating steps (b) through (h) for each pulse of a user.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising storing the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a memory.
5. A system for continuously monitoring blood pressure, the system comprising:
a light source;
an optical sensor positioned to receive reflected light from the light source;
a signal processing unit adapted to receive an electrical signal from the optical sensor and configured to output a clean digital signal;
a microprocessor in communication with the light source, the signal processing unit, a memory and a computer/wireless interface, the microprocessor having instructions for:
(a) performing a calibration sub-process to determine and store inductance (L) and compliance of the cardiovascular system (C) for each individual user;
(b) retrieving the stored values for L and C;
(c) receiving a photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal for each pulse or for a given time period;
(d) filtering the received PPG signal to produce a clean PPG signal;
(e) determining the heart rate;
(f) determining the peripheral resistance using the heart rate;
(g) calculating the blood pressure using the clean PPG signal, the peripheral resistance, L and C; and
(h) determining the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
6. The method of claim 5 , further comprising repeating instructions (b) through (h) for each predetermined time period.
7. The method of claim 5 , further comprising repeating instructions (b) through (h) for each pulse of a user.