Formulations of dimethyl trisulfide for use as a cyanide antidote
Dimethyl trisulfide antidote compositions may be used to as a cyanide poisoning antidote. Formulations of dimethyl trisulfide may be made in an aqueous solvent system that includes water and one or more of a co-solvent, a surfactant, a cyclodextrin, and a phospholipid.
1. A pharmaceutical composition for treating cyanide intoxication in a subject, comprising:
dimethyl trisulfide dissolved in an aqueous solvent system, wherein the aqueous solvent system comprises: water and a non-ionic surfactant, wherein the concentration of non-ionic surfactant in water is about 5% to about 20% by weight;
wherein the concentration of dimethyl trisulfide in the aqueous solvent system ranges from about 10 mg/mL to about 100 mg/mL.
2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-ionic surfactant is an ethoxylated castor oil.
3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-ionic surfactant is a polysorbate.
4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , further comprising one or more additional compounds, wherein the additional compounds are capable of removing and/or detoxifying cyanide in a subject.
5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises sodium thiosulfate.
6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition further comprises sodium nitrite.
7. A method of treating cyanide intoxication in a subject, comprising:
administrating to a subject who would benefit from such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition, the pharmaceutical composition comprising;
dimethyl trisulfide dissolved in an aqueous solvent system, wherein the aqueous solvent system comprises: water and a non-ionic surfactant, wherein the concentration of non-ionic surfactant in water is about 5% to about 20% by weight;
wherein the concentration of dimethyl trisulfide in the aqueous solvent system ranges from about 10 mg/mL to about 100 mg/mL.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the dimethyl trisulfide solution is administered as a solution intramuscularly.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the dimethyl trisulfide solution is administered as a solution subcutaneously.