Electrode material, electrode, and lithium ion battery
An electrode material including electrode active material particles having a carbonaceous film formed on the surfaces thereof in which the coatability of the carbonaceous film can be guaranteed even when a crushing process is carried out, and the rate characteristics and the like are not degraded during charge and discharge, an electrode and a lithium ion battery having excellent charge and discharge characteristics for which the electrode material is used are provided. The electrode material includes electrode active material particles having a carbonaceous film formed on surfaces thereof, and an affinity value to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone measured through pulse NMR is in a range of 5000 to 20000.
1. An electrode material comprising:
a mixture obtained by partially crushing a granulated body comprising a carbonaceous film formed on surface of electrode active material particles, the mixture comprising a partially-crushed granulated body, primary particles comprising the carbonaceous film formed on surfaces of the electrode active material particles, and agglomerated particles in which a plurality of the primary particles gather,
wherein an average particle diameter of the electrode material is 0.3 μm to 4.5 μm,
wherein an affinity value to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone of the electrode material measured through pulse NMR is in a range of 5000 to 20000,
wherein the carbonaceous film is substantially uniformly formed on the surfaces of the electrode active material particles,
wherein a film thickness of the carbonaceous film is in a range of 0.1 nm to 10.0 nm,
wherein a coating ratio of the carbonaceous film in the carbonaceous film coated electrode active material particles is 80% or more,
wherein an amount of carbon in the electrode material is in a range of 0.8% by mass to 3% by mass, and
wherein a ratio of discharge capacity (10 C/0.1 C) is 0.39 or more.
2. The electrode material according to claim 1 ,
wherein the electrode active material particles are particles made of LiFePO 4 or LiFe x M 1-x PO 4 (here, M represents one or more selected from a group consisting of Co, Mn, and Ni, and 0<x<1).
3. An electrode comprising:
the electrode material according to claim 1 .
4. A lithium ion battery comprising:
a cathode made using the electrode according to claim 3 .
5. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the affinity value is an index of the degree of uniform formation of the carbonaceous film on the surfaces of the electrode active material particles.
6. The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the crusher is a fine crusher.
7. An electrode material comprising:
a mixture by partially crushing a granulated body comprising a carbonaceous material coated on first primary particles and second primary particles of an electrode active material, the mixture comprising:
a partially-crushed granulated body,
crushed particles comprising a film of a carbonaceous material coated on the first primary particles of an electrode active material, and
agglomerated particles comprising a film of the carbonaceous material coated on the second primary particles of the electrode active material, wherein the agglomerated particles include a plurality of the second primary particles connected with each other,
wherein an average particle diameter of the electrode material is 0.3 μm to 4.5 μm, and an affinity value to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone of the electrode material measured through pulse NMR is in a range of 5000 to 20000, and
wherein a ratio of discharge capacity (10 C/0.1 C) is 0.39 or more.