Curable fiberglass binder comprising salt of inorganic acid
Formaldehyde-free binder compositions are described that include an aldehyde or ketone, a nitrogen-containing salt of an inorganic acid, and an acidic compound. The acidic compound may be an organic acid, such as maleic acid or citric acid among others. The acidic compound is supplied in quantities that lower the pH of the binder composition to about 5 or less. The binder compositions may be used in methods of binding fiberglass and the resulting fiberglass products have an improved tensile strength due to the addition of the acidic compound.
1. A process for binding fiberglass comprising applying to fiberglass a composition comprising an aldehyde or ketone and an amine salt of an inorganic acid and thereafter curing said composition while present on said fiberglass, wherein:
the amine salt of the inorganic acid includes a nucleophilic amine nitrogen that reacts with a reactive carbonyl group on the aldehyde or ketone before forming a reaction product;
the reaction product is incorporated into the cured composition present on said fiberglass; and
the amine has at least one primary amine group and is a diamine.
2. The process for binding fiberglass according to claim 1 , wherein said amine is selected from the group consisting of 1,2-diethylamine, 1,3-propanediamine, 1,4-butanediamine, 1,5-pentanediamine, and 1,6-hexanediamine, and mixtures of these.
3. The process for binding fiberglass according to claim 1 , wherein the acid is phosphoric acid.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of amine salt to the aldehyde or ketone is 1:3 to 1:10.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acid is an oxygenated acid selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, phosphorus acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, nitric acid, boric acid, hypochloric acid, and chlorate acid.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acid is a non-oxygenated acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, hydrogen sulfide, and phosphine.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises an aldehyde.
8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the aldehyde is a reducing sugar.
9. The process of claim 7 , wherein the aldehyde is a reducing monosaccharide, disaccharide or polysaccharide.
10. The process of claim 7 , wherein the aldehyde is glucose.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cured composition is in a concentration of 1 to 10 percent by weight of the fiberglass.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cured composition is in a concentration of 0.5 to 50 percent by weight of the fiberglass.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition is formaldehyde-free.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amine comprises 1,6-hexanediamine.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amine is aromatic.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the amine is cycloaliphatic.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises the ketone.
18. The process of claim 17 , wherein the ketone comprises acetone, acetyl acetone, 1,3-dihydroxy acetone, benzel, benzoin, or fructose.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least one component selected from the group consisting of adhesion promoters, oxygen scavengers, moisture repellants, solvents, emulsifiers, pigments, fillers, anti-migration aids, coalescent aids, wetting agents, biocides, plasticizers, organosilanes, anti-foaming agents, colorants, waxes, suspending agents, anti-oxidants, and crosslinking catalysts.
20. A process for binding fiberglass comprising applying to fiberglass a composition comprising an aldehyde or ketone and an amine salt of an inorganic acid and thereafter curing said composition while present on said fiberglass, wherein:
the amine salt of the inorganic acid includes a nucleophilic amine nitrogen that reacts with a reactive carbonyl group on the aldehyde or ketone before forming a reaction product;
the reaction product is incorporated into the cured composition present on said fiberglass; and
the amine has at least one primary amine group, and
the inorganic acid is a non-oxygenated acid selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, hydrogen sulfide, and phosphine.
21. A process for binding fiberglass comprising applying to fiberglass a composition comprising an aldehyde or ketone and an amine salt of an inorganic acid and thereafter curing said composition while present on said fiberglass, wherein:
the amine salt of the inorganic acid includes a nucleophilic amine nitrogen that reacts with a reactive carbonyl group on the aldehyde or ketone before forming a reaction product;
the reaction product is incorporated into the cured composition present on said fiberglass; and
the amine is an aromatic amine that has at least one primary amine group.
22. A process for binding fiberglass comprising applying to fiberglass a composition comprising an aldehyde or ketone and an amine salt of an inorganic acid and thereafter curing said composition while present on said fiberglass, wherein:
the amine salt of the inorganic acid includes a nucleophilic amine nitrogen that reacts with a reactive carbonyl group on the aldehyde or ketone before forming a reaction product;
the reaction product is incorporated into the cured composition present on said fiberglass; and
the amine is a cycloaliphatic amine that has at least one primary amine group.
23. A process for binding fiberglass comprising applying to fiberglass a composition comprising a ketone and an amine salt of an inorganic acid and thereafter curing said composition while present on said fiberglass, wherein:
the amine salt of the inorganic acid includes a nucleophilic amine nitrogen that reacts with a reactive carbonyl group on the aldehyde or ketone before forming a reaction product;
the reaction product is incorporated into the cured composition present on said fiberglass; and
the amine has at least one primary amine group.