Botanical antimicrobial microemulsions (BAMM)
A method to produce clear, thermodynamically stable Botanical AntiMicrobial Microemulsions (BAMM) made from all edible ingredients is disclosed, as well as their use as highly effective antimicrobial broad spectrum disinfectants/deodorants that are not hazardous to humans or animals.
1. A method forming a thermodynamically stable, oil-in-water, botanical antimicrobial microemulsion (BAMM) comprising;
providing one or more antimicrobial, naturally derived, and edible essential oils and extracts and at least two naturally derived and edible, non-ionic surfactants, at least one of the surfactants an oil-soluble surfactant and at least one of the surfactants a water-soluble surfactant,
mixing the one or more essential oils and extracts with the oil-soluble surfactant to form a first solution,
diluting the water-soluble surfactant with water to form a second solution,
adding a buffer to the second solution, forming a buffered solution, and
combining the first solution with the buffered solution to produce an optically clear microemulsion that is stabilized from gaining turbidity and separating for at least one year.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the one or more antimicrobial, naturally derived, and edible essential oils and extracts are selected from a group consisting of cedar, cinnamon, citronella, clove, eucalyptus , garlic, geranium, lavender, lemon, lemongrass, mint, orange, oregano, peppermint, rosemary, sesame and thyme oils and the orange peel extract d-limonene.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein both the surfactants used to form the BAMM are non-ionic and define a hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) of 9 to 18, and wherein the total amount of surfactants used are from 1% to 50% of the total weight of the BAMM produced.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the oil-soluble surfactant is non-hydrogenated polyoxyethylated castor oil and the water-soluble surfactant is polyoxyethylated sorbitan monolaurate.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the buffer is dry citric acid monohydrate.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the buffer is neutralized with 10% sodium bicarbonate.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the BAMM is optically clear, with <10 Nephelos turbidity units [NTU], and stable for more than 12 months at 25 C without need for high sheer mixing equipment.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting one or more additional essential oils and extracts to supplement antimicrobial efficacy and aroma of the one or more essential oils and extracts,
wherein the one or more essential oils and extracts is defined as thyme oil.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the BAMM contains 10 to 15 wt. % essential oils.
10. The method of claim 1 further comprising diluting the BAMM with water and a food-grade, water-soluble diluent to define a concentration of all essential oils and extracts of 0.10% to 5 wt. %.
11. The method of claim 1 further comprising diluting the BAMM with water to define a concentration of all essential oils and extracts of 0.10% to 5 wt. %.
12. The method of claim 11 further comprising mixing the diluting water and the BAMM together with a low to moderate intensity mixer to form an optically clear and stable microemulsion.
13. The method of claim 11 wherein the concentration of essential oils and extracts is defined as 0.10% to 0.40% wt. essential oil relative to the total weight of the BAMM.
14. The method of claim 11 wherein the BAMM remains optically clear, with <10 Nephelos turbidity units [NTU], and stable after the diluting step without any oil/water separation for more than 12 months at 25 C.
15. The method of claim 11 wherein the BAMM contains at least 0.050% wt. thymol.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the thymol is derived from thyme oil.
17. The method of claim 11 further comprising applying the BAMM to a surface as a disinfectant or deodorant to eliminate or inhibit odor and the growth of microorganisms.