Droplet actuator devices and methods employing magnetic beads
A method of providing a droplet in contact with a magnetically responsive bead and having a reduced quantity of a substance. The method generally includes the steps of (a) providing a droplet actuator comprising: (i) a substrate comprising electrodes arranged for conducting droplet operations on a surface; (ii) a starting droplet comprising: (1) one or more magnetically responsive beads; (2) a starting quantity of the substance; and (3) a starting volume; (b) magnetically immobilizing the one or more magnetically responsive beads at a location which is at a distance from a target droplet splitting zone; (c) conducting one or more droplet operations comprising droplet dividing operations selected to divide the combined droplet to yield a set of droplets comprising: (i) a droplet comprising substantially all of the one or more magnetically responsive beads and having a decreased quantity of the substance relative to the starting concentration; and (ii) a droplet substantially lacking the magnetically responsive beads.
1. A modular droplet actuator assembly, comprising:
a. a first module comprising a droplet actuator comprising a first droplet actuator substrate, the first droplet actuator substrate having an arrangement of electrodes thereon and the arrangement of electrodes configured to conduct one or more droplet operations;
b. a second module comprising one or more magnets and a magnet assembly comprising a first magnet assembly substrate that is not a top plate of the droplet actuator, wherein the first magnet assembly substrate has one or more magnets mounted thereon to form a populated magnet assembly; and
c. a third module comprising a mount configured for mounting the magnet assembly and droplet actuator thereto, the mount having first and second recessed trays to receive the magnet assembly and droplet actuator, wherein the first recessed tray is positioned below the second recessed tray, such that when the populated magnet assembly and the droplet actuator are mounted in the mount, the one or more magnets of the populated magnet assembly are aligned with one or more predetermined positions on the arrangement of electrodes to magnetically effect droplet operations utilizing magnetically responsive beads at the predetermined positions.
2. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 1 wherein magnet assembly and droplet actuator are mounted to the mount such that the magnet assembly is substantially aligned with certain electrodes of the arrangement of electrodes of the droplet actuator.
3. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 1 wherein the electrodes comprise electrowetting electrodes.
4. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 1 wherein the droplet actuator further comprises a second droplet actuator substrate spaced apart from the first droplet actuator substrate to form a gap therebetween.
5. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 1 wherein the one or more magnets are at least one of permanently and removably mounted to the first magnet assembly substrate.
6. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 5 wherein the one or more magnets are grouped in one or more sets of magnets based on certain magnetic properties.
7. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 6 wherein the magnetic properties comprise one or more of magnetic field orientation and magnetic strength.
8. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 6 wherein a user selects a set of the one or more sets of magnets based on desired magnet properties.
9. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 5 wherein the one or more magnets are shaped such that they can be mounted to the magnet assembly only in a predefined orientation.
10. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 5 wherein the one or more magnets are mounted to the magnet assembly in one of a row and grid arrangement.
11. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 5 wherein the one or more magnets and/or magnet assemblies are marked or coded based on their magnetic properties.
12. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 1 wherein the magnet assembly and droplet actuator are mounted into the mount via one or more fittings.
13. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 12 wherein the one or more fittings comprise one or more slots and/or openings.
14. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 12 wherein the one or more fittings comprise one or more of posts, screws, threaded posts, nuts, spring loaded mechanisms, and complimentary fittings.
15. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 12 wherein the one or more fittings are configured such that the magnet assembly and/or droplet actuator can be mounted in multiple positions onto the mount.
16. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 12 wherein the one or more fittings are configured such that multiple magnet assemblies and/or multiple droplet actuators can be mounted onto the mount.
17. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 12 wherein the one or more fittings are configured such that the magnet assembly can be mounted one or more of above, below, and/or beside the droplet actuator.
18. The modular droplet actuator assembly of claim 1 wherein at least one of the one or more magnets is a neodymium permanent magnet.