Neutron irradiated material repair
The invention is a process of repairing cracked or microstructurally damaged portions of irradiated materials, such as nuclear reactor pressure vessels and shrouds. A damaged portion of the irradiated substrate is first removed, such as by electrical discharge machining (EDM). After removing the damaged portion, the recast layer inherent in the EDM process is then removed. Once the repair area substrate material has been removed to a calculated depth, the created cavity is then filled without releasing transmutated elements within the irradiated material. A chamber may be placed on the irradiated material surrounding the repair area to create an isolated work space.
1. A method of repairing a neutron irradiated damaged metal of a part in a nuclear power plant, comprising:
identifying a damaged portion of the irradiated metal to be repaired on the part;
removing a volume of the irradiated metal to create a cavity, the volume including the damaged portion, said removing creating a surface formed by a recast layer in the cavity;
cleaning the surface to remove the recast layer; and
replacing the volume with a replacement material that at least partially fills the cavity without melting the part, wherein said replacing includes performing powder injection laser welding to replace the removed volume.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cleaning includes at least one of chemical striking, mechanical abrasion, and laser ablation.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said replacing further includes maintaining an energy to mass powder flow rate of less than 10 KJ/g mass.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cleaning includes laser ablation.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
said cleaning includes laser ablation with a laser; and
said replacing includes performing powder injection laser welding with a laser.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said cleaning and said replacing are performed using the same laser.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said removing includes utilizing electrical discharge machining.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising
placing a chamber on the damaged metal to create a zone encircling said volume; and
evacuating any moisture from the zone prior to said replacing.
9. A system for repairing a neutron irradiated damaged metal of a part in a nuclear power plant, comprising:
means for identifying a damaged portion of the irradiated metal to be repaired on the part;
means for removing a volume of the irradiated metal to create a cavity, the volume including the damaged portion, said removing creating a surface formed by a recast layer in the cavity;
means for cleaning the surface to remove the recast layer; and
powder injection laser welding means for replacing the volume with a replacement material that at least partially fills the cavity without melting the part.
10. The system of claim 9 , wherein:
said means for cleaning includes means for performing laser ablation;
said means for replacing includes means for performing powder injection laser welding; and
said means for performing laser ablation and said means for performing powder injection laser welding include the same laser.