Apparatus and method for testing multi-function and drug response of centrifugal microfluidic-based platelets
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for testing a multi-function and a drug response of platelet based on a centrifugal microfluidics. The testing apparatus according to the present invention may include: a rotatable disk; a sample chamber arranged at the center of the disk such that a blood sample is accommodated therein; stirring chambers respectively connected to the sample chamber in multiple radial directions so as to introduce a shear flow in the blood sample; microchannels connected to the stirring chambers such that adhesion and cohesion of platelets occur during the movement of the blood sample; and a waste sample chamber in which the blood sample is accommodated after passing through the microchannels. According to the present invention, multiple drug tests can be performed on a single blood sample at one time in multiple channels such that multiple tests is possible with respect to complex platelet functions, and thus testing time is reduced and testing costs can be saved.
1. An apparatus for testing based on centrifugal microfluidics comprising:
a rotatable disk;
a sample chamber which is located on the disk and which is configured to contain a blood sample therein;
a stirring chambers configured to receive the blood sample and to induce a shear flow in the blood sample;
a microchannel which is connected to the stirring chambers and in which platelet aggregation and adhesion occur during a migration of the blood sample;
a waste sample chamber configured to receive the blood sample which passed the microchannel; and
a sensor which is installed on the disk and which is configured to measure a migration distance of the blood sample according to clogging of the microchannel due to the platelet aggregation and adhesion that occurs during the migration of the blood sample.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sample chamber circumscribes the center of the disk.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a stirrer is rotatably installed in the stirring chamber.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the stirrer is shaped in the form chosen from a straight cylindrical bar, a cross cylindrical bar and a circular plate.
5. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein a drug which activates or inactivates aggregation of a platelet is contained in the stirrer in a liquid or solid state.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the drug is at least one agonist chosen from collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and epinephrine.
7. The apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein the drug is at least one antagonist chosen from aspirin, P2Y1 receptor antagonist and P2Y12 receptor antagonist.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the P2Y1 receptor antagonist is at least one chosen from MRS 2179, MRS 2279, MRS 2500, A2P5P, A3P5P and A3P5PS.
9. The apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the P2Y12 receptor antagonist is at least one chosen from clopidogrel, ticlopidine, prasugrel, AR-C67085MX, cangrelor, C1330-7, MRS 2395 and 2-methylthioadenosine-5′-monophosphate.
10. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the stirring chamber and stirrer are configured to generate a minimum shear rate of at least 5,000 (s −1 ) or a minimum shear stress of at least 8 Pa.
11. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the stirrer comprises openings at a center portion and at a plurality of ends, and the openings are each provided with a seal.
12. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the seal is a phase-change material or an aqueous membrane.
13. The apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the seal is a paraffin wax or a starch.
14. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a microfluidic valve is installed in the front part of the microchannel to control the flow of the blood sample.
15. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the microchannel is shaped in the form of at least one of a straight line, a curve or a zigzag, or the combination thereof.
16. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of intermediate chambers are formed at a plurality of points in the microchannel.
17. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the microchannel is provided with a series of expansion parts that are configured to have widths greater than the width of the microchannel and sufficient to simulate a physiological pulsed pressure and shear stress when the blood sample is under centrifugal force.
18. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the stirring chamber is connected to the sample chamber in a configuration distal to the sample chamber from the center of the disk.
19. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the microchannel has a surface prepared to increase platelet adhesion.