Layered materials comprising aluminum foil and tubes made therefrom
Multi-layer laminate materials, which include an aluminum foil layer having particular tensile strength properties, are described. The aluminum foil layer in combination with other layers provides important benefits in manufacturing operations, such as filling tubes made by forming a cylinder from the laminate materials and heat sealing the side and end edges. These benefits are obtained in many cases without the need to increase foil weight or layer thickness. The laminate materials preserve the flexibility of conventional tubes, for example toothpaste tubes, as required to dispense products from a tube opening with the application of manual squeezing forces.
1. A multi-layer laminate material comprising, in order:
(a) a base film having one or more layers of a polyolefin;
(b) an aluminum foil layer; and
(c) a sealing layer,
wherein the aluminum foil layer has a tensile strength from about 70 megapascals (MPa) to about 90 MPa.
2. The laminate material of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum foil layer has a thickness from about 6 to about 20 microns (μm).
3. The laminate material of claim 1 , wherein the base film has a thickness from about 75 to about 200 μm.
4. The laminate material of claim 1 , having a total thickness from about 200 to about 275 μm.
5. The laminate material of claim 1 , wherein the sealing layer comprises polyethylene.
6. The laminate material of claim 1 , further comprising first and second adhesive layers, disposed, respectively, between (i) the aluminum foil layer and a layer of the polyolefin base film, and (ii) the aluminum foil layer and the sealing layer.
7. The laminate of material claim 6 , wherein the first and second adhesive layers comprise olefin-acrylic acid copolymers.
8. The laminate material of claim 6 , further comprising a compatibility layer comprising a polyolefin and disposed between a layer of the polyolefin base film and the first adhesive layer.
9. The laminate material of claim 8 , wherein the polyolefin compatibility layer comprises low density polyethylene (LDPE).
10. The laminate material of claim 1 , having a peak load to failure of at least about 8.0 kg at a crosshead speed of 127 mm/min.
11. A tube comprising the laminate material of claim 1 , wherein (i) overlapping portions of the sealing layer and a layer of the polyolefin base film are bonded to form a lap seal over at least a portion of the length of the tube, and wherein (ii) overlapping portions of the sealing layer are bonded to form a fin seal over at least a portion of the width of the tube, the tube optionally comprising a tube head attached to an open end of the tube.
12. A packaged product comprising the tube of claim 11 and containing, in the interior of the tube, an oral or topical product that contacts non-overlapping portions of the sealing layer,
wherein the product has solid characteristics when disposed in the tube and is removable through an opening in the tube with the application of manual compressive force.
13. The packaged product of claim 12 , wherein the oral or topical product is in the form of a gel, a paste, an ointment, a lotion, or a cream.
14. The tube of claim 11 , having an interior volume, or containing a product having a volume, from about 150 to about 500 milliliters (ml).
15. A method of preparing a packaged product comprising filling the tube of claim 11 , in an automated filling and sealing process, with an oral or topical product that is in the form of a gel, a paste, an ointment, a lotion, or a cream.
16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising, prior to filling the tube, preparing the tube from the laminate material of claim 1 by bonding (i) overlapping portions of the sealing layer and a layer of the polyolefin base film to form a lap seal over at least a portion of the length of the tube, and (ii) overlapping portions of the sealing layer to form a fin seal over at least a portion of the width of the tube.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the bonding of (i) and (ii) is carried out by applying a combination of heat and pressure between the overlapping portions.
18. The method of claim 16 , further comprising, prior to or after filling the tube, bonding a tube head of a rigid plastic material to an open end of the tube.
19. A multi-layer material comprising, in order:
(a) a base film having one or more layers of a polyolefin;
(b) an aluminum foil layer; and
(c) a sealing layer,
wherein the aluminum foil layer has a tensile strength from about 70 megapascals (MPa) to about 90 MPa.
20. The multi-layered material of claim 19 , wherein the material is made by a process selected from the group consisting of lamination, extrusion, coextrusion, blown extrusion, cast extrusion, tubular water quenched extrusion, extrusion coatings, heat sealing, and combinations thereof.