Flexible high-density mapping catheter tips and flexible ablation catheter tips with onboard high-density mapping electrodes
Flexible high-density mapping catheter tips ( 10 A) and flexible ablation catheter tips with onboard high-density mapping electrodes ( 18 ) are disclosed. These tips can be used for diagnosing and treating cardiac arrhythmias. The flexible, distal tips are adapted to conform to tissue and comprise a plurality of microelectrodes mounted to permit relative movement among at least some of the microelectrodes. The flexible tip portions may comprise a flexible framework forming a flexible array of microelectrodes (for example, a planar or cylindrical array) adapted to conform to tissue and constructed at least in part from nonconductive material in some embodiments. The flexible array of microelectrodes may be formed from a plurality of rows of longitudinally-aligned microelectrodes ( 18 ). The flexible array may further comprise, for example, a plurality of electrode-carrying arms or electrode-carrier bands. Multiple flexible frameworks may be present on a single device. A delivery adapter having an internal compression cone is also disclosed.
1. A catheter comprising the following:
an elongated catheter body comprising a proximal end and a distal end, and defining a catheter longitudinal axis extending between the proximal and distal ends; and
a flexible tip assembly fixed at the distal end of the catheter body, the flexible tip assembly comprising a flexible framework of nonconductive material, wherein the flexible framework comprises a plurality of longitudinally-extending arms lying in a plane parallel to the catheter longitudinal axis and adapted to conform to tissue, the flexible tip assembly further comprising the following:
a plurality of microelectrodes arranged in a planar array comprising a plurality of rows of longitudinally-aligned microelectrodes aligned parallel to the catheter longitudinal axis and mounted on the plurality of longitudinally-extending arms so that at least some of the plurality of microelectrodes are moveable relative to other of the plurality of microelectrodes, wherein each row of microelectrodes is distributed along a different one of the longitudinally-extending arms; and
a proximal bushing mounted on the distal end of the catheter body, wherein the proximal bushing is configured to hold each longitudinally-extending arm exiting from a distal end of the proximal bushing in the plane.
2. The catheter according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes are distributed uniformly.
3. The catheter according to claim 1 further comprising a longitudinally-extending fluid delivery lumen adapted to be fluidly coupled to a source of irrigant and adapted to deliver the irrigant to the flexible tip assembly.
4. The catheter according to claim 3 , wherein the proximal bushing comprises an irrigation port adapted to deliver the irrigant to a proximal portion of the longitudinally-extending arms.
5. The catheter according to claim 1 , wherein the distal end of the proximal bushing comprises a slot-like opening configured to hold the plurality of longitudinally-extending arms in the plane.
6. A high-density mapping catheter comprising the following:
a catheter shaft comprising a proximal end and a distal end, the catheter shaft defining a catheter shaft longitudinal axis extending between the proximal end and the distal end;
a flexible tip portion fixed adjacent to the distal end of the catheter shaft, the flexible tip portion comprising a flexible framework comprising nonconductive material forming a plurality of electrode-carrying arms extending parallel to the catheter shaft longitudinal axis and lying in a plane;
a plurality of microelectrodes mounted on the flexible framework and forming a flexible array of microelectrodes adapted to conform to tissue; wherein the flexible framework is configured to facilitate relative movement among at least some of the microelectrodes relative to other of the plurality of microelectrodes; and wherein the nonconductive material insulates each plurality of microelectrode from other of the plurality of microelectrodes; and
a proximal bushing configured to hold the plurality of electrode-carrying arms in the plane.
7. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes are mounted on the flexible framework and arranged in a plurality of groups.
8. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 7 , wherein each group of the plurality of groups of microelectrodes comprises a row of longitudinally-aligned microelectrodes aligned parallel to the catheter shaft longitudinal axis.
9. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 8 , wherein the flexible array of microelectrodes comprises a planar array of microelectrodes formed from the plurality of rows of longitudinally-aligned microelectrodes.
10. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 9 further comprising an irrigation port adapted to deliver an irrigant on or adjacent to the planar array of microelectrodes.
11. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 , wherein the proximal bushing comprises an irrigation port adapted to deliver an irrigant to a portion of the electrode-carrying arms.
12. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 8 , wherein the flexible array of microelectrodes comprises a planar array of microelectrodes; and wherein each of the plurality of electrode-carrying arms has a group from the plurality of groups of microelectrodes distributed thereon.
13. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of electrode-carrying arms comprises four side-by-side arms, including a first outboard arm, a second outboard arm, a first inboard arm, and a second inboard arm.
14. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 13 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes are all the same size.
15. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 12 further comprising at least one tether mounted to at least two arms of the plurality of electrode-carrying arms.
16. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 further comprising a radiopaque tip electrode.
17. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes comprise between four and sixty-four individual microelectrodes.
18. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 , wherein a separate electrical lead wire is electrically coupled to each microelectrode in the plurality of microelectrodes.
19. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 , further comprising a pair of high-density microelectrodes that are asymmetrically-placed relative to the catheter shaft longitudinal axis and are adapted to contact tissue.
20. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 further comprising an internal irrigation lumen.
21. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 further comprising at least one ring electrode mounted on the catheter shaft adjacent to the flexible array of microelectrodes.
22. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 6 further comprising a location sensor.
23. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 22 , wherein the location sensor is a magnetic field sensor.