Immersed rotary jet spinning devices (IRJS) and uses thereof
Exemplary embodiments provide systems, devices and methods for the fabrication of three-dimensional polymeric fibers having micron, submicron and nanometer dimensions, as well as methods of use of the polymeric fibers.
1. A device for formation of one or more micron, submicron or nanometer dimension polymeric fibers, the device comprising:
a reservoir for holding a polymer and including a lateral surface having one or more orifices for ejecting the polymer for fiber formation;
a motion generator configured to impart rotational motion about an axis of rotation to the reservoir, the rotational motion of the reservoir causing ejection of the polymer radially outward with respect to the axis of rotation from the one or more orifices; and
a collection device configured to hold a liquid, and the collection device configured and positioned to accept the polymer ejected from the reservoir;
wherein the reservoir and the collection device are positioned and configured such that the one or more orifices of the reservoir are submerged in a liquid held in the collection device during rotational motion of the reservoir; and
wherein the device is configured such that the ejection of the polymer into the liquid in the collection device causes formation of one or more micron, submicron or nanometer dimension polymeric fibers.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more orifices has any asymmetric cross-sectional shape.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more orifices has a cross-sectional shape selected from the group consisting of a star, a rectangle, and a cross.
4. The device of claim 1 , further comprising a first nozzle provided on a first of the one or more orifices, wherein a cross-sectional shape of an outlet of the first nozzle is different than a cross-sectional shape of the first orifice.
5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the cross-sectional shape of the outlet of the first nozzle is configured to create one or more structural features on a surface of the formed polymeric fibers.
6. The device of claim 5 , wherein the one or more structural features have a size in a range from about 1 nanometer to about 500 nanometers.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the motion generator is configured to impart rotational motion about an axis of rotation to the reservoir within a range of 50,000 rotations per minute (rpm) to 100,000 rpm.
8. A method for fabricating one or more micron, submicron or nanometer dimension polymeric fibers, the method comprising:
providing the device of claim 1 ;
using the motion generator to rotate the reservoir about an axis of rotation to cause ejection of the polymer in one or more jets; and
collecting the one or more jets of the polymer in the liquid held in the collection device to cause formation of the one or more micron, submicron or nanometer dimension polymeric fibers.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein during ejection of the polymer in one or more the one or more orifices are partially submerged in the liquid in the collection device.
10. The method of any one of claim 8 , wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of a water soluble polymer, a polymer that requires on-contact cross-linking, a polymer that cannot be readily dissolved at a high enough concentrations to provide sufficient viscosity for random entanglement and solvent evaporation to form polymeric fibers, a polymer that requires precipitation, and a polymer dissolved in water at low concentrations.
11. The method of any one of claim 8 , wherein the liquid is water, calcium chloride, sulfuric acid, or 30% ethanol.
12. The method of any one of claim 8 , wherein the reservoir is rotated at about 1,000 rpm to about 90,000 rpm.
13. The method of any one of claim 8 , wherein the one or more orifices have a cross-sectional diameter of about 1 micron to about 100 millimeters, or the one or more orifices have a length of about 10 microns to about 100 centimeters.