Methods of populating a gastrointestinal tract
Methods and compositions for populating the gastrointestinal tract of a subject are described. Methods include administering to a subject a therapeutic composition comprising a purified population of spore-forming bacteria produced by providing a fecal material and subjecting the material to a treatment step resulting in purification of spore-forming bacteria. Methods include administering an amount effective to engraft and/or augment in the gastrointestinal tract in order to treat or prevent a dysbiosis in the mammalian subject.
1. A method of treating or reducing the severity of at least one sign or symptom of a gastrointestinal disease in a human subject, the method comprising administering to the human subject an effective amount of a composition consisting essentially of a purified population of germinable bacterial spores,
wherein the population of germinable bacterial spores includes at least a first Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) and a second OTU, the first OTU comprising a first 16S rDNA comprising a first sequence having at least 97% identity to SEQ ID NO: 381 and the second OTU comprising a second 16S rDNA comprising a second sequence having at least 97% identity to SEQ ID NO: 556,
wherein the effective amount treats or reduces the severity of the at least one sign or symptom of the gastrointestinal disease in the human subject.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first 16S rDNA comprises SEQ ID NO:381 and the second 16S rDNA comprises SEQ ID NO:556.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises at least 1×10 4 colony forming units of germinable bacterial spores per dose of the composition.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gastrointestinal disease is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium difficile -induced diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), infection or colonization with a pathogen or pathobiont including a drug resistant pathogen or pathobiont, colitis, a metabolic disorder, and Crohn's disease.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the purified population of germinable bacterial spores is produced by the steps of a) providing a fecal material comprising germinable bacterial spores and b) subjecting the fecal material to a treatment step resulting in purification of the germinable bacterial spores.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the treatment step comprises heat treatment or ethanol treatment.
7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the purified population is substantially depleted of a detectable level of a first pathogenic material.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the detectable level is detected by qPCR.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein administering comprises oral administration.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the human subject has received one or more doses of an antibiotic therapy.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered as a complement to an antibiotic therapy.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein administration of the composition to the human subject reduces a colonization of Fusobacterium nucleatum ( Fusobacterium sp. 3_1_33) in the human subject.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the colonization of Fusobacterium nucleatum is reduced beyond detectable levels as detected by 16S-V4 sequencing.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein a colonization of one or more species of Klebsiella in the human subject is detectably decreased as detected by 16S-V4 sequencing.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein a colonization of one or more imipenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae species in the human subject is detectably decreased as detected by 16S-V4 sequencing.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein a colonization of one or more non-pathogenic Bacteroides species in the human subject is detectably increased as detected by 16S-V4 sequencing.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the 16S rDNA sequences is a 16S-V4 rDNA sequence.