Network-based microbial compositions and methods
Provided are therapeutic compositions containing combinations of bacteria, for the maintenance or restoration of a healthy microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract of a mammalian subject, and methods for use thereof.
1. A method of treating or preventing a dysbiosis in a human subject, comprising administering to the human subject a formulation in an amount effective to treat or prevent the dysbiosis or to reduce the severity of at least one symptom of the dysbiosis in the human subject to whom the formulation is administered, the formulation consisting essentially of a purified population of bacterial spores in an amount effective to populate the human subject's gastrointestinal tract under conditions such that at least one species of bacteria not detectably present in the purified population of bacterial spores or in the human subject's gastrointestinal tract prior to administration is augmented, wherein the formulation is provided as an oral finished pharmaceutical dosage form including at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, the dosage form comprising at least about 1×10 4 colony forming units of the bacterial spores per dose of the formulation, wherein the bacterial spores comprise at least two bacterial species, each of the at least two bacterial species comprising a different 16S rDNA sequence at least 97% identical to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1670, SEQ ID NO: 1591, and SEQ ID NO: 607.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the at least two bacterial species comprises a different 16S rDNA sequence 100% identical to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1670, SEQ ID NO: 1591, and SEQ ID NO: 607.
3. The method of chin 1 , wherein the purified population of bacterial spores comprises at least three bacterial species, wherein three of the at least three bacterial species each comprises a different 16S rDNA sequence at least 97% identical to a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1670, SEQ ID NO: 1591, and SEQ ID NO: 607.
4. The method of chin 1 , wherein the purified population of bacterial spores comprises at least three bacterial species, wherein three of the at least three bacterial species each comprises a different 16S rDNA sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 1670, SEQ ID NO: 1591, and SEQ ID NO: 607.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oral finished pharmaceutical dosage form is a capsule.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oral finished pharmaceutical dosage form is a tablet.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oral finished pharmaceutical dosage form is a powder.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dysbiosis is caused by C. difficile infection.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formulation is substantially depleted of a residual habitat product of a fecal material.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formulation is capable of inducing the formation of IgA, RegIII-gamma, IL-10, regulatory T cells, TGF-beta, alpha-defensin, beta-defensin, or an antimicrobial peptide in the human subject.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formulation is prepared by ethanol treatment.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the formulation is prepared by heat treatment.