Method for treating pancreatic cancer with
Attenuated Toxoplasma gondii mutants and methods using the same as vaccines in the prevention or treatment pancreatic cancer are provided.
1. A method for treating pancreatic cancer comprising administering at least six doses of an irradiated pancreatic tumor cell to a subject in need of treatment over a period of 36 days, wherein the irradiated tumor cell harbors an effective amount of an attenuated mutant of Toxoplasma gondii comprising a knockout mutation of orotidine 5′-monophosphate decarboxylase; a knockout mutation of uridine phosphorylase; and nucleic acids encoding one or more of annexin A2, plectin-1, fetoacinar pancreatic protein, or tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family member 4, thereby treating the subject's pancreatic cancer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the attenuated mutant further comprises in its genome nucleic acid molecules encoding one or more exogenous proteins.