Image and wave field projection through diffusive media
Methods and systems for projecting wave fields use a diffusing medium, a wavefront shaper, an illumination source, and a control system. A system for projecting an object wave field into a projection volume includes a wave scatterer, a wave field projector configured to project a wave field onto the wave scatterer, and a controller coupled to the wave field projector. The controller is configured to cause the wave field projector to project a wave field that, upon interacting with the wave scatterer, is redirected to form an object wave field that forms a predetermined pattern in the projection volume.
1. A system for projecting an object wave field into a projection volume, comprising:
a wave scatterer that at least quasi-randomly redirects local portions of incident wave fronts;
a wave field projector configured to project a range of pre-distorted wave fields onto the wave scatterer; and,
a controller coupled to the wave field projector, wherein the controller is configured to cause the wave field projector to project the pre-distorted wave fields so that, upon interacting with the wave scatterer, each of the pre-distorted wave fields is reshaped to form an object wave field that forms a predetermined pattern in the projection volume.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein:
the wave field projector comprises a light field projector,
the wave scatterer comprises a light scatterer, and
the object wave field comprises an object light field.
3. A three-dimensional image projector comprising the system of claim 2 , wherein the object light field forms a three-dimensional image.
4. A camouflage system comprising the system of claim 2 .
5. A heads-up display comprising the system of claim 2 .
6. The heads-up display of claim 5 , wherein the light scatterer comprises a volume hologram configured to scatter light of a plurality of predetermined wavelengths, and
wherein the light field projector is configured to project a light field comprising the predetermined wavelengths.
7. An acoustic surgical system comprising the system of claim 1 , wherein:
the wave field projector comprises an acoustic field projector;
the wave scatterer comprises an acoustic diffuser; and
the object wave field comprises an object acoustic field.
8. A near-eye display, comprising:
a waveguide;
a holographic element comprising a plurality of holographic components in different positions along the waveguide;
a light field projector configured to project a first light field into the waveguide via an optical coupler for propagation to the holographic components; and
a controller coupled to the light field projector, wherein the controller is configured to determine the first light field and to cause the light field projector to project the first light field into the waveguide as a plurality of propagating modes,
wherein each of the holographic components redirects a different one of the propagating modes of redirects the first light field from the different positions along the waveguide to form a second light field directed into an eyebox, and
wherein the second light field is perceptible within the eyebox by a viewer's eye as a virtual image at a distance from the eye and the holographic element.
9. The near-eye display of claim 8 , wherein the waveguide is a flat or curved slab of translucent material.
10. The near-eye display of claim 8 , wherein the holographic element is configured to redirect light of a predetermined color and transmit light of other colors without substantial redirection.
11. The near-eye display of claim 8 , wherein the second light field further forms a three-dimensional image.
12. An eyewear assembly comprising the near-eye display of claim 8 , the eyewear system assembly further comprising:
a frame configured to be worn on the head of the viewer, the frame including first and second rims with lenses affixed therein, and first and second temple arms extending away from the first and second rims.
13. The eyewear assembly of claim 12 , wherein the waveguide and the holographic element is integrated into at least one of the first and second lenses.
14. The eyewear assembly of claim 12 , wherein the light field projector and the controller are integrated into one of the first and second temple arms.
15. The eyewear assembly of claim 12 , further comprising a second near-eye display.
16. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined pattern comprises a plurality of voxels and each of the projected pre-distorted wave fields is a linear superposition of individual wave fields required to form the respective voxels upon interacting with the wave scatterer.
17. The system of claim 2 in which the predetermined pattern is an image comprising a plurality of voxels within the projection volume, and each of the pre-distorted wave fields projected by the light field projector comprises a plurality of sub-frame light fields that are sequentially projected for illuminating different sets of voxels within the projection volume.
18. The system of claim 2 in which the predetermined pattern encodes a virtual image that is viewable within an eyebox, and each of the pre-distorted wave fields is reshaped by the light scatterer to form the virtual image that is viewable within the eyebox.