Molybdenum recovery from aqueous nitric acid solution by solvent extraction
The invention provides a method for extracting transition metals, the method comprising supplying a feedstream containing transition metal, mixing the feedstream with nitric acid for a time and at a concentration sufficient to form an aqueous phase containing the transition metal, combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase for a time and at a concentration sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside within the organic extractant phase, and combining the transition metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase at a concentration and for a time sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase.
1. A method for extracting transition metals, the method comprising:
a supplying a feed stream containing transition metal;
b mixing the feed stream with nitric acid for a time and at a concentration sufficient to form an aqueous phase containing the transition metal;
d combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase for a time and at a concentration sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside within the organic extractant phase; and
e combining the transition metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase at a concentration and for a time sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase; wherein the transition metal is a metal selected from the group consisting of Mo, Ti, Zn, or Sn.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the step of combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase causes at least about 96 percent of impurities within the feed stream to reside in the aqueous phase.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the step of combining the metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid causes impurities to remain in the organic extractant phase.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the transition metal residing in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase is a cation of a salt or a molybdenum-AHA complex.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the ratio of concentration of nitric acid to transition metal is between 1 and 10.
6. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the ratio of concentration of organic extractant to transition metal is between 1 and 5.
7. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the ratio of concentration of hydroxamic acid to transition metal is between 1 and 10.
8. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the transition metal is molybdenum.
9. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the molarity of nitric acid is between 0.1 M and 10 M.
10. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the transition metal containing organic extractant phase is scrubbed with nitric acid.
11. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the hydroxamic acid is acetohydroxamic acid, or aminohydroxamic acid, or dihydroxamic acids or combinations thereof.
12. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the feed stream is a molybdenum feedstock selected from the group consisting of ore, medical isotope irradiation waste streams, and combinations thereof.
13. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the organic extractant is a phosphorous-containing compound selected from the group consisting of organo-phosphoric acid, organo-phosphonic acid, and combinations thereof.
14. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the hydroxamic acid has a pH of between approximately 2 and 5.
15. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the combining the transition metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase step occurs in at an AHA stripping pH no lower than 2.
16. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the concentration of transition metal is between approximately 1×10 −12 M and approximately 6×10 −1 M.