Gm-C filter and multi-phase clock circuit
Described herein is a power-efficient Gm-C filter, wherein the Gm-C filter includes several operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs). In an example, at least two of the OTAs share a common bias current. Further, output of one of the OTAs is used to bias another one of the OTAs. Also described herein is a power-efficient clock generator circuit that is configured to output non-overlapping clock signals. The clock generator circuit includes a ring oscillator circuit, which includes several inverter stages. The clock generator circuit is well-suited for controlling operation of switches.
1. A semiconductor chip comprising:
a Gm-C filter that is configured to act as a low-pass filter, the Gm-C filter comprises:
a plurality of operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), wherein a first OTA in the OTAs is biased by an output current of a second OTA in the OTAs.
2. The semiconductor chip of claim 1 , wherein the Gm-C filter is a sixth order anti-alias filter.
3. The semiconductor chip of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of OTAs comprises a third OTA, the Gm-C filter further comprises a capacitor, wherein the first OTA is electrically coupled to the capacitor and is configured to inject current onto the capacitor to charge the capacitor, and wherein the third OTA is electrically coupled to the capacitor and is configured to receive voltage formed at the capacitor.
4. The semiconductor chip of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the OTAs is a feedback OTA, such that output of the feedback OTA is provided as input to the feedback OTA.
5. The semiconductor chip of claim 4 , wherein output of the feedback OTA is used to bias another OTA in the plurality of OTAs.
6. The semiconductor chip of claim 1 , wherein the second OTA is an NMOS OTA, wherein the NMOS OTA comprises a differential pair of N-type transistors.
7. The semiconductor chip of claim 6 , wherein the second OTA is a PMOS OTA, wherein the PMOS OTA comprises a differential pair of P-type transistors.
8. The semiconductor chip of claim 1 , further comprising a clock generator circuit that is configured to generate a plurality of non-overlapping clock signals.
9. The semiconductor chip of claim 8 , wherein the clock generator circuit comprises a ring oscillator (RO) circuit, the RO circuit comprises a plurality of inverter stages, and wherein output of one of the inverter stages is provided as input to another one of the inverter stages.
10. The semiconductor chip of claim 9 , wherein the clock generator circuit further comprises a reference clock that is configured to output a reference clock signal, wherein a number of non-overlapping clock signals output by the clock generator circuit during a window of time is a function of frequency of the reference clock signal and a number of inverter stages in the plurality of inverter stages.
11. The semiconductor chip of claim 10 , wherein the clock generator circuit further comprises, for each inverter stage in the plurality of inverter stages, a pair of inverters that is configured to define a delay between consecutive non-overlapping clock signals output by the clock generator circuit.
12. The semiconductor chip of claim 8 , further comprising a variable bandwidth filter, wherein a bandwidth of a passband of the variable bandwidth filter is dynamically tunable, the non-overlapping clock signals output by the clock generator circuit are configured to control switches in the variable bandwidth filter.
13. The semiconductor chip of claim 1 comprised by a radar receiver, the Gm-C filter is configured to filter an analog signal received at the radar receiver.
14. A method comprising:
forming a Gm-C filter on a semiconductor chip, wherein forming the Gm-C filter comprises:
forming a plurality of operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) on the semiconductor chip, wherein first and second OTAs in the plurality of OTAs are formed such that an output of the first OTA biases the second OTA.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the first OTA is electrically coupled to a capacitor and is configured to inject current onto the capacitor to charge the capacitor, and wherein a third OTA in the OTAs is electrically coupled to the capacitor and is configured to receive voltage formed at the capacitor.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein forming the plurality of OTAs comprises:
forming a feedback OTA, wherein output of the feedback OTA is provided as input to the feedback OTA.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the output of the feedback OTA is used to bias another OTA in the plurality of OTAs.
18. The method of claim 14 , further comprising:
forming a clock generator circuit on the semiconductor chip, wherein the clock generator circuit is configured to output a plurality of non-overlapping clock signals.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein forming the clock generator circuit comprises forming a ring oscillator (RO) circuit on the semiconductor chip.
20. A radar receiver comprising:
a semiconductor chip, the semiconductor chip comprises:
an anti-alias filter that is configured to act as a low-pass filter, the anti-alias filter comprises:
a first transconductance amplifier (OTA); and
a second OTA, wherein output of the first OTA is used to bias the second OTA; and
a clock generator circuit that is configured to output non-overlapping clock signals, the clock generator circuit comprises a ring oscillator (RO) circuit.