Polyethylene compositions and closures made from them
A dual reactor solution process gives high density polyethylene compositions containing a first ethylene copolymer and a second ethylene copolymer and which have good processability, stiffness, and environmental stress crack resistance. The polyethylene compositions are suitable for compression molding or injection molding applications and are particularly useful in the manufacture of caps and closures for bottles.
1. A closure, said closure comprising a bimodal polyethylene composition comprising:
(1) 10 to 70 weight percent of a first ethylene copolymer having a melt index I 2 , of less than 0.4 g/10 min; a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of less than 2.7; and a density of from 0.920 to 0.955 g/cm 3 ; and
(2) 90 to 30 weight percent of a second ethylene copolymer having a melt index I 2 , of from greater than 500 to 20,000 g/10 min; a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of less than 2.7; and a density higher than the density of said first ethylene copolymer, but less than 0.967 g/cm 3 ;
wherein the density of said second ethylene copolymer is less than
0.037 g/cm 3 higher than the density of said first ethylene copolymer; the ratio (SCB1/SCB2) of the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said first ethylene copolymer (SCB1) to the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said second ethylene copolymer (SCB2) is greater than 1.0; and wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of from 6 to 13; a density of at least 0.949 g/cm 3 ; a melt index I 2 , of from 0.2 to 3.0 g/10 min; an M Z of less than 450,000; a stress exponent of less than 1.50, a broadness factor defined as (M w /M n )/(M z /M w ) of at least 2.75 and an ESCR Condition B (10% IGEPAL) of greater than 400 hours.
2. The closure of claim 1 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , of from 8 to 12.
3. The closure of claim 1 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has melt index I 2 , of from 0.4 to 2.0 g/10 min.
4. The closure of claim 1 wherein the second ethylene copolymer has a melt index I 2 of greater than 650 g/10 min.
5. The closure of claim 1 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a z-average molecular weight distribution, Mz/Mw of less than 4.0.
6. The closure of claim 1 wherein said first ethylene copolymer has a density of from 0.925 to 0.950 g/cm 3 .
7. The closure of claim 1 wherein said second ethylene copolymer has a density of less than 0.965 g/cm 3 .
8. The closure of claim 1 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a density of from 0.951 to 0.957 g/cm 3 .
9. The closure of claim 1 wherein the density of said second ethylene copolymer is less than 0.035 g/cm 3 higher than the density of said first ethylene copolymer.
10. The closure of claim 1 wherein said first and second ethylene copolymers have a M w /M n of less than 2.5.
11. The closure of claim 1 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a composition distribution breadth index (CDBI 25 ) of greater than 55% by weight.
12. The closure of claim 1 wherein the second ethylene copolymer has a melt index, I 2 of from 1,000 to 20,000.
13. The closure of claim 1 wherein the ratio (SCB1/SCB2) of the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said first ethylene copolymer (SCB1) to the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said second ethylene copolymer (SCB2) is greater than 1.5.
14. The closure of claim 1 wherein the ratio (SCB1/SCB2) of the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said first ethylene copolymer (SCB1) to the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said second ethylene copolymer (SCB2) is greater than 3.0.
15. The closure of claim 1 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition comprises: from 30 to 60 weight percent of said first ethylene copolymer; and from 70 to 40 weight percent of said second ethylene copolymer.
16. The closure of claim 1 wherein the bimodal polyethylene composition further comprises a nucleating agent or a mixture of nucleating agents.
17. The closure of claim 1 wherein said first and second ethylene copolymers are copolymers of ethylene and 1-octene.
18. The closure of claim 1 wherein said closure is made by compression molding or injection molding.
19. The closure of claim 1 wherein said closure is a screw cap.
20. A process to prepare a polyethylene composition, said polyethylene composition comprising:
(1) 10 to 70 weight percent of a first ethylene copolymer having a melt index I 2 , of less than 0.4 g/10 min; a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of less than 2.7; and a density of from 0.920 to 0.955 g/cm 3 ; and
(2) 90 to 30 weight percent of a second ethylene copolymer having a melt index I 2 , of from greater than 500 to 20,000 g/10 min; a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of less than 2.7; and a density higher than the density of said first ethylene copolymer, but less than 0.967 g/cm 3 ;
wherein the density of said second ethylene copolymer is less than 0.037 g/cm 3 higher than the density of said first ethylene copolymer; the ratio (SCB1/SCB2) of the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said first ethylene copolymer (SCB1) to the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said second ethylene copolymer (SCB2) is greater than 1.0; and wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of from 6 to 13; a density of at least 0.949 g/cm 3 ; a melt index I 2 , of from 0.2 to 3.0 g/10 min; an M Z of less than 450,000; a stress exponent of less than 1.50, a broadness factor defined as (M w /M n )/(M z /M w ) of at least 2.75 and an ESCR Condition B (10% IGEPAL) of greater than 400 hours;
said process comprising contacting at least one single site polymerization catalyst system with ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin under solution polymerization conditions in at least two polymerization reactors.
21. The process of claim 20 wherein said at least two polymerization reactors comprise a first reactor and a second reactor configured in series.
22. The process of claim 20 wherein said at least two polymerization reactors comprise a first reactor and a second reactor configured in parallel.
23. The process of claim 21 wherein said at least one alpha-olefin is fed exclusively to said first reactor.
24. A bimodal polyethylene composition comprising:
(1) 10 to 70 weight percent of a first ethylene copolymer having a melt index I 2 , of less than 0.4 g/10 min; a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of less than 2.7; and a density of from 0.920 to 0.955 g/cm 3 ; and
(2) 90 to 30 weight percent of a second ethylene copolymer having a melt index I 2 , of from greater than 500 to 20,000 g/10 min; a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of less than 2.7; and a density higher than the density of said first ethylene copolymer, but less than 0.967 g/cm 3 ;
wherein the density of said second ethylene copolymer is less than 0.037 g/cm 3 higher than the density of said first ethylene copolymer; the ratio (SCB1/SCB2) of the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said first ethylene copolymer (SCB1) to the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said second ethylene copolymer (SCB2) is greater than 1.0; and wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a molecular weight distribution M w /M n , of from 6 to 13; a density of at least 0.949 g/cm 3 ; a melt index I 2 , of from 0.2 to 3.0 g/10 min; an M Z of less than 450,000; a stress exponent of less than 1.50, a broadness factor defined as (M w /M n )/(M z /M w ) of at least 2.75 and an ESCR Condition B (10% IGEPAL) of greater than 400 hours.
25. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a molecular weight distribution, M w /M n , of from 8 to 12.
26. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has melt index 12, of from 0.4 to 2.0 g/10 min.
27. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein the second ethylene copolymer has a melt index I 2 of greater than 650 g/10 min.
28. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a z-average molecular weight distribution, Mz/Mw of less than 4.0.
29. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said first ethylene copolymer has a density of from 0.925 to 0.950 g/cm 3 .
30. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said second ethylene copolymer has a density of less than 0.965 g/cm 3 .
31. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a density of from 0.951 to 0.957 g/cm 3 .
32. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein the density of said second ethylene copolymer is less than 0.035 g/cm 3 higher than the density of said first ethylene copolymer.
33. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said first and second ethylene copolymers have a M w /M n of less than 2.5.
34. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a composition distribution breadth index (CDBI 25 ) of greater than 55% by weight.
35. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein the second ethylene copolymer has a melt index, I 2 of from 1,000 to 20,000.
36. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein the ratio (SCB1/SCB2) of the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said first ethylene copolymer (SCB1) to the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said second ethylene copolymer (SCB2) is greater than 1.5.
37. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition comprises: from 30 to 60 weight percent of said first ethylene copolymer; and from 70 to 40 weight percent of said second ethylene copolymer.
38. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein said bimodal polyethylene composition has a shear viscosity ratio of ≧12.5.
39. The bimodal polyethylene composition of claim 24 wherein the ratio (SCB1/SCB2) of the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said first ethylene copolymer (SCB1) to the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in said second ethylene copolymer (SCB2) is greater than 3.0.