Mixing cold hearth metallurgical system and process for producing metals and metal alloys
A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys includes a fluid cooled mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, and a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material. The system also includes a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity, and a heat removal system configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal. The mixing cold hearth can be configured as a removal element of an assembly of interchangeable mixing cold hearths, with each mixing cold hearth of the assembly configured for melting a specific category of raw materials. A process includes the steps of providing the mixing cold hearth, feeding the raw material into the melting cavity, heating the raw material, and moving the mixing cold hearth during the heating step.
1. A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys comprising:
a mixing cold hearth having walls and a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal, cooling passages in fluid communication with a cooling fluid source configured to prevent the walls from melting, and an induction coil configured to generate an electromagnetic field for stirring and heating the raw material into the molten metal;
a mechanical drive configured to move the mixing cold hearth with an oscillatory motion and with a rotational motion for mixing the raw material in the melting cavity and to rotate the mixing cold hearth for pouring molten metal from the melting cavity; and
a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity into the molten metal.
2. The metallurgical system of claim 1 further comprising a heat removal system comprising a plurality of removable fluid cooled tiles proximate to the mixing cold hearth configured to provide adjustable insulation for the molten metal in the melting cavity.
3. The metallurgical system of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of interchangeable mixing cold hearths in an assembly that includes a first mixing cold hearth configured for melting a first raw material for producing a first metal and a second mixing cold hearth configured for melting a second raw material for producing a second metal.
4. The metallurgical system of claim 1 further comprising a skull at least partially lining the melting cavity of the mixing cold hearth configured to provide a heat transfer boundary between the walls of the mixing cold hearth and the molten metal and alloys for melting into the molten metal.
5. The metallurgical system of claim 1 wherein the mechanical drive is configured to rotate the mixing cold hearth along a pour axis and to oscillate the mixing cold hearth along an oscillating axis generally perpendicular to the pour axis.
6. The metallurgical system of claim 1 further comprising an atomization system comprising an electrically conductive atomization die having an orifice configured to receive the molten metal from the cold hearth, and an induction coil configured to generate a magnetic field for interacting with the molten metal to generate a metal powder.
7. The metallurgical system of claim 6 wherein the atomization system comprises a plurality of interchangeable atomization dies including a first atomization die configured for atomizing a first raw material for producing a first metal and a second atomization die configured for atomizing a second raw material for producing a second metal.
8. The metallurgical system of claim 1 further comprising a roll caster system comprising a fluid cooled mold configured to receive the molten metal from the mixing cold hearth, a fluid cooled roll caster assembly configured to cool the molten metal into a solidified shape, and a moveable dovetail configured to adjust a size of the solidified shape.
9. The metallurgical system of claim 1 wherein the heat source comprises an element selected from the group consisting of a plasma energy system, a radio frequency energy system, an induction energy system, a photon energy system, an electron beam energy system, an electric arc energy system or a combination of one or more of these energy systems.
10. A metallurgical system for producing metals and metal alloys comprising:
a fluid cooled mixing cold hearth having a melting cavity configured to hold a raw material for melting into a molten metal;
a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the mixing cold hearth for mixing the raw material in the melting cavity and to rotate the mixing cold hearth for pouring molten metal from the melting cavity;
a heat source configured to heat the raw material in the melting cavity into the molten metal; and
a heat removal system comprising a support structure, a plurality of tiles removeably mounted to the support structure, and cooling passages in the support structure in flow communication with a cooling fluid source.
11. The metallurgical system of claim 10 wherein the tiles are part of an assembly of interchangeable tiles such that particular tiles can be selected and installed to provide variable insulation for different raw materials.
12. The metallurgical system of claim 10 further comprising a sealed chamber for containing the mixing cold hearth and wherein the tiles at least partially line the sealed chamber and surround the mixing cold hearth.
13. The metallurgical system of claim 10 wherein the tiles comprise a material selected from the group consisting of titanium, molybdenum, nickel, copper and alloys thereof.
14. The metallurgical system of claim 10 further comprising a plurality of interchangeable mixing cold hearths including a first mixing cold hearth configured for melting first raw material for producing a first metal and a second mixing cold hearth configured for melting a second raw material for producing a second metal.
15. The metallurgical system of claim 10 wherein the mixing cold hearth includes an induction coil configured to generate an electromagnetic field for stirring and heating the raw material into the molten metal.
16. The metallurgical system of claim 10 further comprising an atomization system comprising an electrically conductive atomization die having an orifice configured to receive the molten metal from the mixing cold hearth, and an induction coil configured to generate a magnetic field for interacting with the molten metal to generate a metal powder.
17. The metallurgical system of claim 16 wherein the atomization system comprises a plurality of interchangeable atomization dies including a first atomization die configured for atomizing a first raw material for producing a first metal and a second atomization die configured for melting a second raw material for producing a second metal.
18. The metallurgical system of claim 10 further comprising a roll caster system comprising a fluid cooled mold configured to receive the molten metal from the mixing cold hearth, a fluid cooled roll caster assembly configured to cool the molten metal into a solidified shape, and a moveable dovetail configured to adjust a size of the solidified shape.
19. A mixing cold hearth for producing metals and metal alloys comprising:
a plurality of walls configured to form a melting cavity for holding a raw material for melting into a molten metal;
a plurality of cooling passages in the walls configured for fluid communication with a cooling fluid source configured to prevent the walls from melting;
an induction coil attached to the walls configured to generate an electromagnetic field for stirring and heating the raw material into the molten metal;
a mechanical drive configured to mount and move the melting cavity with an oscillatory motion and with a rotational motion.
20. The mixing cold hearth of claim 19 further comprising a skull at least partially lining the melting cavity and configured to provide a heat transfer boundary for the molten metal and selected alloys for incorporation into the molten metal.