Mould material mixture having improved flowability
The invention relates to a mold material mixture for producing casting molds for metal processing, a process for producing casting molds, casting molds which can be obtained by the process and their use. The production of the casting molds is carried out using a refractory base molding material and a binder based on water glass. A proportion of a particulate metal oxide selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, titanium oxide and zinc oxide is added to the binder, with particular preference being given to using synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide. The mold material mixture contains a surface-active material as further significant constituent. The addition of the surface-active material enables the flowability of the mold material mixture to be improved, which makes it possible to produce casting molds having a very complicated geometry.
1. A process for producing casting mould or a casting core for metal processing comprising at least the following steps:
providing a refractory base moulding material;
providing a binder by dissolving at least one anionic surfactant in water glass;
providing separate from the binder a particulate metal oxide comprising amorphous silicon dioxide;
obtaining a mould material mixture by mixing at least the refractory base moulding material, the binder with the anionic surfactant dissolved therein and the particulate metal oxide, wherein the anionic surfactant is contained in the mould material mixture from 0.001 to 1% by weight relative to the weight of the refractory base moulding material;
moulding of the mould material mixture into a shape to form a moulded mould material mixture; and
curing of the moulded mould material mixture by heating the mould material mixture to obtain the casting mould or the casting core having a flexural hot strength increased by at least 10%, a flexural strength after storage under humid atmosphere increased by at least 20%, and a compaction core weight increased by at least 1%, when compared to a cured casting mould or casting core produced by the same process but without both anionic surfactant and amorphous silicon dioxide, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises a non-polar, hydrophobic portion and a sulphate group, wherein the non-polar, hydrophobic portion is an alkyl group having more than 6 carbon atoms.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of oleyl sulphate, stearyl sulphate, palmityl sulphate, myristyl sulphate, lauryl sulphate, decyl sulphate, octyl sulphate, 2-ethyloctyl sulphate, 2-ethyldecyl sulphate, palmitoleyl sulphate and linolyl sulphate.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the refractory base moulding material comprises a regenerated refractory base moulding material.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mould material mixture further comprises at least one carbohydrate.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mould material mixture further comprises at least one phosphorus-containing compound.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the particulate metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of precipitated silicic acid, pyrogenic silicic acid and mixtures thereof.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the water glass has an SiO 2 /M 2 O ratio in the range from 1.6 to 4.0, wherein M stands for sodium ions or potassium ions or both.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mould material mixture comprises less than 20% by weight of the binder.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the binder comprises from 2 to 80% by weight particulate metal oxide, relative to the binder.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the refractory base moulding material comprises hollow microspheres.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the base moulding material contains at least a proportion of glass granules, glass beads, spherical ceramic moulding materials or mixtures thereof.
12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein an oxidisable metal and an oxidant are added to the mould material mixture.
13. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mould material mixture comprises an inorganic additive that is solid at room temperature.
14. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the mould material mixture comprises at least one silane or siloxane.
15. The process according to claim 1 wherein the mould material mixture is heated to a temperature in the range from 100 to 300° C.
16. The process according to claim 1 wherein heated air is blown into the moulded mould material mixture in order to cure it.
17. The process according to claim 1 wherein heating of the moulded mould material mixture is effected by the action of microwaves.
18. The process according to claim 1 wherein the refractory base moulding material comprises between 10 and 90% by weight regenerated refractory base moulding material obtained from reconditioning refractory base moulding material by at least a heat treatment or mechanical treatment or by both of a mould material mixture previously cured in the presence of a water glass binder and the anionic surfactant increases the flowability of the mould material mixture.
19. The process according to claim 1 wherein mould material mixture is moulded and cured in a core shooting machine and the moulded mould material mixture is cured in the shooting machine.
20. A process for producing a casting mould or a casting core for metal processing comprising at least the following steps:
providing a refractory base moulding material;
providing a binder by dissolving at least one anionic surfactant in water glass, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises a non-polar, hydrophobic portion and a sulphate group, wherein the non-polar, hydrophobic portion is an alkyl group having more than 6 carbon atoms;
providing separate from the binder a particulate metal oxide comprising amorphous silicon dioxide;
obtaining a mould material mixture by mixing at least the refractory base moulding material, the binder and the particulate metal oxide, wherein the anionic surfactant is contained in the mould material mixture from 0.001 to 1% by weight relative to the weight of the refractory base moulding material;
transferring the mould material mixture into a core shooting machine;
moulding of the mould material mixture into a shape in the core shooting machine to form a moulded mould material mixture; and
curing of the moulded mould material mixture by heating the moulded mould material mixture in the core shooting machine by blowing heated air into the core shooting machine to obtain the casting mould or the casting core having a flexural hot strength increased by at least 10%, a flexural strength after storage under humid atmosphere increased by at least 20%, and a compaction core weight increased by at least 1%, when compared to a cured casting mould or casting core produced by the same process but without both anionic surfactant and amorphous silicon dioxide.