Method of fabrication of Al/Ge bonding in a wafer packaging environment and a product produced therefrom
A method of bonding of germanium to aluminum between two substrates to create a robust electrical and mechanical contact is disclosed. An aluminum-germanium bond has the following unique combination of attributes: (1) it can form a hermetic seal; (2) it can be used to create an electrically conductive path between two substrates; (3) it can be patterned so that this conduction path is localized; (4) the bond can be made with the aluminum that is available as standard foundry CMOS process. This has the significant advantage of allowing for wafer-level bonding or packaging without the addition of any additional process layers to the CMOS wafer.
1. A method for bonding a first substrate wafer and a second substrate wafer by creating an aluminum/germanium bond, a patterned aluminum layer disposed on the first substrate wafer, a patterned germanium layer disposed on the second substrate wafer, the method comprising:
placing the first substrate wafer in a first chuck; placing the second substrate wafer in a second chuck; aligning the first substrate wafer and the second substrate wafer; and forming a eutectic bond between the patterned germanium layer and the patterned aluminum layer, wherein the eutectic bond is formed by applying a force across the first chuck and the second chuck, and ramping temperature of at least one of the first chuck or the second chuck over a eutectic temperature of the aluminum/germanium bond to a predetermined temperature that is between the eutectic temperature of the aluminum/germanium bond and 450 degrees Celsius (C.).
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein one of the first substrate wafer and the second substrate wafer is a cover wafer.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
providing an insulating layer between the second substrate wafer and a portion of the patterned germanium layer.
4. A method for bonding a first substrate wafer and a second substrate wafer by creating an aluminum/germanium bond, an aluminum layer disposed on the first substrate wafer, a germanium layer disposed on the second substrate wafer, the method comprising:
placing the first substrate wafer in a first chuck;
placing the second substrate wafer in a second chuck;
aligning the first substrate wafer and the second substrate wafer; and
forming a eutectic bond between the germanium layer and the aluminum layer, wherein the eutectic bond is formed by applying a force across the first chuck and the second chuck, and ramping temperature of at least one of the first chuck or the second chuck over a eutectic temperature of the aluminum/germanium bond.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the ramping of the temperature includes ramping the temperature greater than the eutectic temperature and not exceeding 450 degrees Celsius (C.).
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein one of the first substrate wafer and the second substrate wafer is a cover wafer.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the placing the second substrate wafer in the second chuck includes placing the second substrate wafer comprising a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structure in the second chuck.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the placing the first substrate wafer in the first chuck includes placing the first substrate wafer comprising a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) structure in the first chuck.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the forming the eutectic bond comprises creating, with the aluminum/germanium bond, at least one of at least one electrical connection or a hermetic seal between first substrate wafer and the second substrate wafer, wherein the hermetic seal forms a partial enclosure of the MEMS structure.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the placing the second substrate wafer in the second chuck includes placing the second substrate wafer comprising a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structure in the second chuck.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the placing the first substrate wafer in the first chuck includes placing the first substrate wafer comprising a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) substrate in the first chuck.
12. The method of claim 4 , wherein the forming the eutectic bond comprises creating, with the aluminum/germanium bond, at least one of at least one electrical connection or a hermetic seal between first substrate wafer and the second substrate wafer.