Compositions of microbiota and methods related thereto
View Patent ↗Methods and compositions are provided for treating weight related conditions and metabolic disorders by altering microbiota in a subject. One aspect provides methods and compositions to alter microbiota in a subject by administering to the subject a composition that includes a substantially purified microbiota from phyla such as Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia or orders such as Bacteroidales, Verrucomicrobiales, Clostridiales and Enterobacteriales or genera such as Alistipes, Clostridium, Escherichia , and Akkermansia . Another aspect includes a pharmaceutical composition for altering microbiota that includes a therapeutically effective amount of substantially purified microbiota and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Yet another aspect includes methods for treating a disorder, such as obesity, in a subject in need of such treatment by changing relative abundance of microbiota in a gastrointestinal tract of the subject without or in addition to a surgical procedure.
1. A pharmaceutical composition for altering microbiota comprising:
a therapeutically effective amount of a substantially purified Akkermansia , wherein the substantially purified Akkermansia comprises at least 50% of a strain of Akkermansia,
a prebiotic, and
a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for oral delivery and encapsulated by a coating, wherein the coating does not fully degrade until after it exits the stomach of a subject.
2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of a substantially purified Bacteroidetes, a substantially purified Firmicutes and a substantially purified Proteobacteria.
3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein the substantially purified Bacteroidetes is Bacteroidales, the substantially purified Firmicutes is Clostridiales and the substantially purified Proteobacteria is Enterobacteriales.
4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 2 , wherein the substantially purified Bacteroidetes is Alistipes , the substantially purified Firmicutes is Clostridium and the substantially purified Proteobacteria is Escherichia.
5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition alters the relative abundance of at least one of Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, Tenericutes, and Proteobacteria in a gastrointestinal tract of a subject.
6. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the prebiotic is a non-digestible oligosaccharide.
7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6 , wherein the non-digestible oligosaccharide is a fructooligosaccharide, a glucooligosaccharide, a xylooligosaccharide, a galactooligosaccharide, an arabinoxylan, an arabinogalactan, a galactomannan, a polydextrose, an oligofructose, inulin, and/or a derivative thereof.
8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6 , wherein the non-digestible oligosaccharide is a fructooligosaccharide.
9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the prebiotic is inulin.
10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for delivery to a small intestine, a large intestine, an ileum, a cecum, or a colon region of a subject.
11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 10 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition is formulated for delivery to an ileum or a colon region of a subject.
12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , further comprising substantially purified Firmicutes.
13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12 , wherein the substantially purified Firmicutes is substantially purified Clostridiales.
14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises between about 30% and about 60% substantially purified Clostridiales.
15. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 12 , wherein the substantially purified Firmicutes is substantially purified Clostridium.
16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 15 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises between about 30% and about 50% substantially purified Clostridium.
17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition increases a relative abundance of Clostridium in a subject.
18. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition increases glucose metabolism in a subject.
19. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition increases energy expenditure in a subject.
20. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the Akkermansia is lyophilized.
21. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein if the composition comprises a mixture of bacterial strains, then at least 50% of the bacterial strains in the composition are Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, or Proteobacteria.
22. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the Akkermansia is viable.
23. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises two or more bacterial strains, wherein the two or more bacterial strains exhibit a synergistic effect in the pharmaceutical composition.