Apparatuses and methods for power regulation based on input power
Apparatuses and methods for power regulation based on input power using circuitry are disclosed herein. An example apparatus may include a reference circuit configured to receive a first voltage and a second voltage and to provide an output reference voltage at an output node having a value equal to the second voltage subtracted from the first voltage. The reference circuit may be configured to mirror a current of a first circuit coupled between the second voltage and a reference voltage through a second circuit coupled between the first voltage and the output node. The example apparatus may further include a power circuit configured to provide a third voltage based on the output reference voltage. The third voltage may have a value that is equal to the output reference voltage.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a power regulator circuit configured to receive a first voltage and to generate a second voltage using the first voltage, wherein the second voltage is less than the first voltage, wherein the power regulator circuit is further configured to generate a third voltage equal to the second voltage subtracted from the first voltage using current mirroring; and
an output buffer configured to provide an output signal based on an input signal, wherein a voltage of the output signal varies between the first voltage and a reference voltage provided by a reference source, wherein a first transistor of the output buffer is configured to be driven using the first voltage or the third voltage based on the input data and a second transistor of the output buffer is configured to be driven using one of the second voltage or the reference voltage based on the input data.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the power regulator circuit comprises:
a first voltage regulator configured to provide the second voltage based on the first voltage; and
a second voltage regulator configured to provide the third voltage based on the first voltage and the second voltage.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first voltage regulator comprises a direct current to direct current voltage regulator.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the second voltage regulator comprises:
a reference circuit configured to provide an output reference voltage that is equal to the difference of the first and second voltages; and
a power circuit configured to provide the third voltage based on the output reference voltage.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the reference circuit comprises:
a first circuit coupled between an output of the first voltage regulator and a reference source configured to provide the reference voltage; and
a second circuit coupled between an output node and a first source configured to provide the first voltage, wherein the first circuit is matched with the second circuit,
wherein the reference circuit is further configured to mirror a current of the first circuit through the second circuit.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the first circuit includes a first transistor coupled in series with a second transistor between the output of the first voltage regulator and the reference source, wherein the gate of the second transistor is coupled to the reference source and the gate of the first transistor is coupled to the drain of the first transistor, wherein the second circuit includes a third transistor coupled in series with a fourth transistor between the first source and the output node, wherein the gate of the fourth transistor is coupled to the output node and the gate of the first transistor is coupled to the drain of the third transistor.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the reference circuit further comprises a fifth transistor including a source coupled to output of the first voltage regulator and a gate coupled to the gate of the first transistor to mirror the current through the first transistor.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the reference circuit further comprises a sixth transistor including a source coupled to the first source and a gate coupled to the gate of the third transistor to mirror the current through the third transistor.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the reference circuit further comprises:
a seventh transistor including a drain coupled to a drain of the sixth transistor and including a source coupled to the reference source, wherein a gate of the seventh transistor is coupled to the drain of the seventh transistor; and
an eighth transistor including a drain coupled the drain of the fifth transistor and including a source coupled to the reference source, a gate of the eighth transistor coupled to the gate of the seventh transistor to mirror the current through the seventh transistor.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein the reference circuit further comprises a ninth transistor including a drain coupled to the output node and including a source coupled to the reference source, wherein a gate of the ninth transistor is coupled to the drain of the fifth transistor to provide feedback to the second circuit.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the reference circuit further comprises:
a tenth transistor coupled between the output node and the ninth transistor to form a first cascode driver with the ninth transistor, wherein a gate of the tenth transistor is coupled to the output of the first voltage regulator; and
an eleventh transistor coupled between the drain of the sixth transistor and a drain of the seventh transistor to form a second cascode driver with the sixth transistor, wherein a gate of the eleventh transistor is coupled to the output node.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the reference circuit further comprises:
a first capacitor coupled between the first source and the output node to form a tank circuit; and
a second capacitor coupled between the output node and the drain of the fifth transistor to provide a stable frequency response.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each transistor of the power regulator circuit and each transistor of the output buffer is configured to operate at a voltage differential that is equal to or less than the second voltage.
14. An apparatus comprising:
a reference circuit configured to receive a first voltage and a second voltage and to provide an output reference voltage at an output node, the output reference voltage having a value equal to the second voltage subtracted from the first voltage; and
a power circuit comprising an output node configured to provide an output voltage based on the output reference voltage; wherein the power circuit comprises:
a first circuit coupled between a first voltage source and the output node of the reference circuit, wherein the first circuit comprises a first transistor having a source coupled to the first voltage source and a gate coupled to the output node of the reference circuit, the first circuit further comprising a second transistor having a drain coupled to a drain of the first transistor and a source coupled to the output node of the reference circuit, wherein a gate of the second transistor is coupled to the drain of the second transistor; and
a second circuit coupled between the first voltage source and an output node of the power circuit, wherein the second circuit comprises a third transistor having a source coupled to the first voltage source and a gate coupled to the output node of the reference circuit, the second circuit further comprising a fourth transistor having a drain coupled to a drain of the third transistor and a source coupled to the output node of the power circuit, wherein a gate of the second transistor is coupled to the drain of the second transistor.
15. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the power circuit further comprises:
a voltage-to-current converter comprising a fifth transistor comprising a drain coupled to the first voltage source and a gate coupled to the drain of the fourth transistor and further comprising a sixth transistor having a source coupled to the source of the fifth transistor and a gate coupled to the output node of the reference circuit; and
a current multiplier comprising a seventh transistor having a drain coupled to a drain of the sixth transistor, a source coupled to a reference voltage source, and a gate coupled to the drain of the seventh transistor, the current multiplier further comprising an eighth transistor having a drain coupled to the output node of the power circuit, a source coupled to the reference voltage source, and a gate coupled to the drain of the seventh transistor, wherein the eighth transistor is larger than the seventh transistor.
16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the output node of the power circuit is a first output node, wherein the power circuit further comprises a resistor coupled between the first output node and a second output node of the power circuit to decouple the second circuit from the second output node, wherein the output voltage is provided from the second output node.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 , wherein the power circuit further comprises a capacitor coupled between the first voltage source and the second output node of the power circuit.
18. The apparatus of claim 14 , wherein each transistor is configured to operate at a voltage differential that is equal to or less than the second voltage.
19. An apparatus, comprising:
a reference circuit configured to receive a first voltage and a second voltage and to provide an output reference voltage at an output node, the output reference voltage having a value equal to the second voltage subtracted from the first voltage, wherein the reference circuit is configured to mirror a current of a first circuit configured to receive the second voltage and a reference voltage through a second circuit configured to receive the first voltage; and
a power circuit coupled to the reference circuit and configured to provide a third voltage based on the output reference voltage, wherein the third voltage has a value that is equal to the output reference voltage.
20. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the power circuit comprises:
a voltage amplifier configured to amplify a voltage based on transistor size difference between the voltage amplifier and a third circuit and based on the output reference voltage;
a voltage-to-current converter configured to convert the amplified voltage to current; and
a current multiplier configured multiply current flowing through the voltage amplifier to reduce the amplified voltage from the voltage amplifier such that the third voltage is provided to an output node.
21. The apparatus of claim 20 , wherein a transistor of the amplifier is at least four times larger than a transistor of the third circuit.
22. The apparatus of claim 19 , further comprising:
an output buffer configured to provide an output signal at an output node based on an input signal, wherein the output signal varies from the first voltage to the reference voltage, the output buffer comprising a p-type transistor coupled in series with an n-type transistor, wherein the output node is between the p-type transistor and the n-type transistor;
a p-channel driver configured to drive the p-type transistor using one of the first voltage or the third voltage based on the input signal; and
an inverter configured to drive the n-type transistor using one of the second voltage or the reference voltage based on the input signal.
23. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein the output buffer is a cascode buffer and further comprises a second p-type transistor coupled between the p-type transistor and the output node and configured to receive the third voltage at a gate, the output buffer further comprising a second n-type transistor coupled between the output node and the n-type transistor and configured to receive the second voltage at a gate.
24. The apparatus of claim 19 , wherein each transistor is configured to operate at a voltage differential that is equal to or less than the second voltage.
25. A method, comprising:
receiving a first voltage and a second voltage at a voltage regulator, wherein the first voltage is less than the second voltage;
mirroring a current of a first circuit of the voltage regulator through a second circuit of the voltage regulator;
providing a third voltage based on the current through the second circuit of the voltage regulator, wherein the third voltage is equal to the second voltage subtracted from the first voltage; and
providing an output signal from an output buffer based on an input signal using the first, second, and third voltages, wherein the output signal varies between the first voltage and a reference voltage.
26. The method of claim 25 , wherein providing the third voltage comprises:
providing an output reference voltage using the current through the second circuit to a power circuit, wherein the output reference voltage is equal to the third voltage; and
providing the third voltage from the power circuit having a higher current capacity than the output reference voltage.
27. The method of claim 25 , providing the output signal from the output buffer comprises:
providing one of the third voltage and the first voltage to a first transistor of the output buffer based on the input signal; and
providing one of the second voltage and the reference voltage to a second transistor of the output buffer based on the input signal.
28. The method of claim 27 , further comprising:
providing the third voltage to a third transistor of the output buffer; and
providing the second voltage to a fourth transistor of the output buffer.