Method for preparation and separation of atomic layer thickness platelets from graphite or other layered materials
A method and system of separating graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) from initial graphite raw material is disclosed. The raw material is exfoliated to create a percentage of separated GNPs in a resulting bulk mixture. Agglomerates between the separated graphene nanoplatelets are broken. The mixture is separated into fractions having nanoparticles of different GNP content and size distribution. Each different range of nanoparticles is separated into GNPs and graphite nanopowder via a medium flow process or via electrostatic separation or both.
1. A method for enrichment of a mixture of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) comprising:
Initially producing the GNPs from raw graphene material by at least one high-energy milling, ball milling, thermal, chemical, and microwave exfoliation;
using a series of sieves to separate the GNPs into fractions based upon lateral particle size range;
introducing GNPs of a fraction, including various sizes within the lateral particle size range, into a separation column including flow of a medium therein;
increasing the content of relatively smaller sizes of the GNPs within an expansion chamber of the separation column by regulating the flow of the medium through the separation column;
reducing a velocity of the medium within the expansion chamber so that relatively heavier GNPs, of the relatively smaller sized GNPs, therein settle on a bottom of thereof; and
collecting resulting GNPs with desired sizes.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the medium is a liquid.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the liquid is water, organic solvent or ionic liquid.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the medium is a gas including air, nitrogen, argon, helium, xenon, a noble gas, a vapor of a liquid, or gaseous sulfur hexafluoride.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pressure of the gas is equal or close to atmospheric pressure.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pressure of the gas is substantially lower than atmospheric pressure.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the pressure of the gas is substantially higher than atmospheric pressure.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the GNPs have a thickness of 0.34 to 100 nm and an aspect ratio of 2 to 1000.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising electrostatically separating the resulting GNP.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the electrostatic separation and separation by medium flow are performed simultaneously.