Hot melt fragmentation extruder and process
A co-rotating twin screw extruder for forming fragments is disclosed. The extruder comprises of an intake zone for receiving one or more excipient(s) suitable for oral dosage or one or more excipient(s) suitable for oral dosage along with one or more active pharmaceutical ingredient, a melt zone for softening at least one excipient to form a viscous mass or melt and a fragmenting zone for fragmenting and cooling the viscous mass into cooled fragments and an extruder outlet for recovering the cooled fragments from the extruder.
1. A co-rotating twin screw extruder for forming fragments comprising an intake zone for receiving one or more excipient(s) suitable for oral dosage or one or more excipient(s) suitable for oral dosage along with one or more active pharmaceutical ingredient(s), a melt zone for softening at least one excipient to form a viscous mass or melt, a fragmenting zone and an extruder outlet, the fragmenting zone comprising at least one element having a continuous flight helically formed thereon with a lead ‘L’, wherein either the flight transforms at least once from an integer lobe flight into a non-integer lobe flight in a fraction of the lead ‘L’ and transforms back to an integer lobe flight in a fraction of the lead ‘L’ or the flight transforms at least once from a non-integer lobe flight into an integer lobe flight in a fraction of the lead ‘L’ and transforms back to a non-integer lobe flight in a fraction of the lead ‘L’, for simultaneous fragmenting and cooling the viscous mass into cooled fragments, and wherein the cooled fragments are recovered from the extruder outlet of the extruder.
2. A co-rotating twin screw extruder as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fragmenting zone comprises of milling, mixing or fragmenting elements.
3. A co-rotating twin screw extruder as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the mixing element is positioned at a beginning of the fragmenting zone.
4. A co-rotating twin screw extruder as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the excipient(s) is selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid, glyceryl behenate and waxes.
5. A co-rotating twin screw extruder as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the fatty acid is stearic acid.
6. A co-rotating twin screw extruder as claimed in claim 1 wherein the temperature of the melt zone is above the softening temperature or glass transition temperature Tg or melting point of at least one excipient to enable formation of the viscous mass or melt.
7. A co-rotating twin screw extruder as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fragmenting zone is provided with a cooling system and the temperature of the fragmenting zone is at or below the softening temperature or glass transition temperature Tg or melting point of at least one excipient for cooling the viscous mass or melt.
8. A co-rotating twin screw extruder as claimed in claim 1 wherein the cooling is uniform throughout the fragmenting zone.
9. A co-rotating twin screw extruder as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fragmenting zone has an increasing cooling gradient towards the extruder outlet.
10. A method of forming fragments within a co-rotating twin screw extruder comprising:
a. feeding one or more excipient(s) suitable for oral dosage into the extruder;
b. softening or melting at least one excipient to form a viscous mass or melt;
c. simultaneously fragmenting and cooling the viscous mass or melt by using, at least one mixing element having a continuous flight helically formed thereon with a lead ‘L’, wherein either the flight transforms at least once from an integer lobe flight into a non-integer lobe flight in a fraction of the lead ‘L’ and transforms back to an integer lobe flight in a fraction of the lead ‘L’ or the flight transforms at least once from a non-integer lobe flight into an integer lobe flight in a fraction of the lead ‘L’ and transforms back to a non-integer lobe flight in a fraction of the lead ‘L’ in the fragmenting zone to obtain cooled fragments within the extruder; and
d. collecting the cooled fragments from the extruder.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10 comprising feeding one or more excipient(s) suitable for oral dosage along with one or more active pharmaceutical ingredient into the extruder.
12. A method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the excipient(s) is selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid, glyceryl behenate and waxes.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12 wherein the fatty acid is stearic acid.
14. A method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the simultaneous fragmenting and cooling is achieved by milling, mixing or fragmenting elements.
15. A method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the mixing element is positioned at the beginning of the fragmenting zone.